vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/CONTRIBUTORS

+Alex A. Skinner
+Andrew Tunnell-Jones
+Ask Bjørn Hansen
+Dave Cheney
+Dusty Wilson
+Marek Majkowski
+Peter van Dijk
+Omri Bahumi
+Alex Sergeyev
+James Hartig

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/COPYRIGHT

+Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved. Use of this source code
+is governed by a BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+Extensions of the original work are copyright (c) 2011 Miek Gieben
+
+Copyright 2011 Miek Gieben. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is
+governed by a BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+Copyright 2014 CloudFlare. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is
+governed by a BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/LICENSE

+Copyright (c) 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+distribution.
+   * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+As this is fork of the official Go code the same license applies.
+Extensions of the original work are copyright (c) 2011 Miek Gieben

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/Makefile.fuzz

+# Makefile for fuzzing
+#
+# Use go-fuzz and needs the tools installed.
+# See https://blog.cloudflare.com/dns-parser-meet-go-fuzzer/
+#
+# Installing go-fuzz:
+# $ make -f Makefile.fuzz get
+# Installs:
+# * github.com/dvyukov/go-fuzz/go-fuzz
+# * get github.com/dvyukov/go-fuzz/go-fuzz-build
+
+all: build
+
+.PHONY: build
+build:
+	go-fuzz-build -tags fuzz github.com/miekg/dns
+
+.PHONY: build-newrr
+build-newrr:
+	go-fuzz-build -func FuzzNewRR -tags fuzz github.com/miekg/dns
+
+.PHONY: fuzz
+fuzz:
+	go-fuzz -bin=dns-fuzz.zip -workdir=fuzz
+
+.PHONY: get
+get:
+	go get github.com/dvyukov/go-fuzz/go-fuzz
+	go get github.com/dvyukov/go-fuzz/go-fuzz-build
+
+.PHONY: clean
+clean:
+	rm *-fuzz.zip

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/Makefile.release

+# Makefile for releasing.
+#
+# The release is controlled from version.go. The version found there is
+# used to tag the git repo, we're not building any artifacts so there is nothing
+# to upload to github.
+#
+# * Up the version in version.go
+# * Run: make -f Makefile.release release
+#   * will *commit* your change with 'Release $VERSION'
+#   * push to github
+#
+
+define GO
+//+build ignore
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/miekg/dns"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	fmt.Println(dns.Version.String())
+}
+endef
+
+$(file > version_release.go,$(GO))
+VERSION:=$(shell go run version_release.go)
+TAG="v$(VERSION)"
+
+all:
+	@echo Use the \'release\' target to start a release $(VERSION)
+	rm -f version_release.go
+
+.PHONY: release
+release: commit push
+	@echo Released $(VERSION)
+	rm -f version_release.go
+
+.PHONY: commit
+commit:
+	@echo Committing release $(VERSION)
+	git commit -am"Release $(VERSION)"
+	git tag $(TAG)
+
+.PHONY: push
+push:
+	@echo Pushing release $(VERSION) to master
+	git push --tags
+	git push

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/README.md

+[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/miekg/dns.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/miekg/dns)
+[![Code Coverage](https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/miekg/dns/master.svg)](https://codecov.io/github/miekg/dns?branch=master)
+[![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/miekg/dns)](https://goreportcard.com/report/miekg/dns)
+[![](https://godoc.org/github.com/miekg/dns?status.svg)](https://godoc.org/github.com/miekg/dns)
+
+# Alternative (more granular) approach to a DNS library
+
+> Less is more.
+
+Complete and usable DNS library. All Resource Records are supported, including the DNSSEC types.
+It follows a lean and mean philosophy. If there is stuff you should know as a DNS programmer there
+isn't a convenience function for it. Server side and client side programming is supported, i.e. you
+can build servers and resolvers with it.
+
+We try to keep the "master" branch as sane as possible and at the bleeding edge of standards,
+avoiding breaking changes wherever reasonable. We support the last two versions of Go.
+
+# Goals
+
+* KISS;
+* Fast;
+* Small API. If it's easy to code in Go, don't make a function for it.
+
+# Users
+
+A not-so-up-to-date-list-that-may-be-actually-current:
+
+* https://github.com/coredns/coredns
+* https://github.com/abh/geodns
+* https://github.com/baidu/bfe
+* http://www.statdns.com/
+* http://www.dnsinspect.com/
+* https://github.com/chuangbo/jianbing-dictionary-dns
+* http://www.dns-lg.com/
+* https://github.com/fcambus/rrda
+* https://github.com/kenshinx/godns
+* https://github.com/skynetservices/skydns
+* https://github.com/hashicorp/consul
+* https://github.com/DevelopersPL/godnsagent
+* https://github.com/duedil-ltd/discodns
+* https://github.com/StalkR/dns-reverse-proxy
+* https://github.com/tianon/rawdns
+* https://mesosphere.github.io/mesos-dns/
+* https://github.com/fcambus/statzone
+* https://github.com/benschw/dns-clb-go
+* https://github.com/corny/dnscheck for <http://public-dns.info/>
+* https://github.com/miekg/unbound
+* https://github.com/miekg/exdns
+* https://dnslookup.org
+* https://github.com/looterz/grimd
+* https://github.com/phamhongviet/serf-dns
+* https://github.com/mehrdadrad/mylg
+* https://github.com/bamarni/dockness
+* https://github.com/fffaraz/microdns
+* https://github.com/ipdcode/hades <https://jd.com>
+* https://github.com/StackExchange/dnscontrol/
+* https://www.dnsperf.com/
+* https://dnssectest.net/
+* https://github.com/oif/apex
+* https://github.com/jedisct1/dnscrypt-proxy
+* https://github.com/jedisct1/rpdns
+* https://github.com/xor-gate/sshfp
+* https://github.com/rs/dnstrace
+* https://blitiri.com.ar/p/dnss ([github mirror](https://github.com/albertito/dnss))
+* https://render.com
+* https://github.com/peterzen/goresolver
+* https://github.com/folbricht/routedns
+* https://domainr.com/
+* https://zonedb.org/
+* https://router7.org/
+* https://github.com/fortio/dnsping
+* https://github.com/Luzilla/dnsbl_exporter
+* https://github.com/bodgit/tsig
+* https://github.com/v2fly/v2ray-core (test only)
+* https://kuma.io/
+* https://www.misaka.io/services/dns
+* https://ping.sx/dig
+* https://fleetdeck.io/
+* https://github.com/markdingo/autoreverse
+
+
+Send pull request if you want to be listed here.
+
+# Features
+
+* UDP/TCP queries, IPv4 and IPv6
+* RFC 1035 zone file parsing ($INCLUDE, $ORIGIN, $TTL and $GENERATE (for all record types) are supported
+* Fast
+* Server side programming (mimicking the net/http package)
+* Client side programming
+* DNSSEC: signing, validating and key generation for DSA, RSA, ECDSA and Ed25519
+* EDNS0, NSID, Cookies
+* AXFR/IXFR
+* TSIG, SIG(0)
+* DNS over TLS (DoT): encrypted connection between client and server over TCP
+* DNS name compression
+
+Have fun!
+
+Miek Gieben  -  2010-2012  -  <miek@miek.nl>
+DNS Authors 2012-
+
+# Building
+
+This library uses Go modules and uses semantic versioning. Building is done with the `go` tool, so
+the following should work:
+
+    go get github.com/miekg/dns
+    go build github.com/miekg/dns
+
+## Examples
+
+A short "how to use the API" is at the beginning of doc.go (this also will show when you call `godoc
+github.com/miekg/dns`).
+
+Example programs can be found in the `github.com/miekg/exdns` repository.
+
+## Supported RFCs
+
+*all of them*
+
+* 103{4,5} - DNS standard
+* 1348 - NSAP record (removed the record)
+* 1982 - Serial Arithmetic
+* 1876 - LOC record
+* 1995 - IXFR
+* 1996 - DNS notify
+* 2136 - DNS Update (dynamic updates)
+* 2181 - RRset definition - there is no RRset type though, just []RR
+* 2537 - RSAMD5 DNS keys
+* 2065 - DNSSEC (updated in later RFCs)
+* 2671 - EDNS record
+* 2782 - SRV record
+* 2845 - TSIG record
+* 2915 - NAPTR record
+* 2929 - DNS IANA Considerations
+* 3110 - RSASHA1 DNS keys
+* 3123 - APL record
+* 3225 - DO bit (DNSSEC OK)
+* 340{1,2,3} - NAPTR record
+* 3445 - Limiting the scope of (DNS)KEY
+* 3597 - Unknown RRs
+* 403{3,4,5} - DNSSEC + validation functions
+* 4255 - SSHFP record
+* 4343 - Case insensitivity
+* 4408 - SPF record
+* 4509 - SHA256 Hash in DS
+* 4592 - Wildcards in the DNS
+* 4635 - HMAC SHA TSIG
+* 4701 - DHCID
+* 4892 - id.server
+* 5001 - NSID
+* 5155 - NSEC3 record
+* 5205 - HIP record
+* 5702 - SHA2 in the DNS
+* 5936 - AXFR
+* 5966 - TCP implementation recommendations
+* 6605 - ECDSA
+* 6725 - IANA Registry Update
+* 6742 - ILNP DNS
+* 6840 - Clarifications and Implementation Notes for DNS Security
+* 6844 - CAA record
+* 6891 - EDNS0 update
+* 6895 - DNS IANA considerations
+* 6944 - DNSSEC DNSKEY Algorithm Status
+* 6975 - Algorithm Understanding in DNSSEC
+* 7043 - EUI48/EUI64 records
+* 7314 - DNS (EDNS) EXPIRE Option
+* 7477 - CSYNC RR
+* 7828 - edns-tcp-keepalive EDNS0 Option
+* 7553 - URI record
+* 7858 - DNS over TLS: Initiation and Performance Considerations
+* 7871 - EDNS0 Client Subnet
+* 7873 - Domain Name System (DNS) Cookies
+* 8080 - EdDSA for DNSSEC
+* 8499 - DNS Terminology
+* 8659 - DNS Certification Authority Authorization (CAA) Resource Record
+* 8914 - Extended DNS Errors
+* 8976 - Message Digest for DNS Zones (ZONEMD RR)
+
+## Loosely Based Upon
+
+* ldns - <https://nlnetlabs.nl/projects/ldns/about/>
+* NSD - <https://nlnetlabs.nl/projects/nsd/about/>
+* Net::DNS - <http://www.net-dns.org/>
+* GRONG - <https://github.com/bortzmeyer/grong>

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/acceptfunc.go

+package dns
+
+// MsgAcceptFunc is used early in the server code to accept or reject a message with RcodeFormatError.
+// It returns a MsgAcceptAction to indicate what should happen with the message.
+type MsgAcceptFunc func(dh Header) MsgAcceptAction
+
+// DefaultMsgAcceptFunc checks the request and will reject if:
+//
+// * isn't a request (don't respond in that case)
+//
+// * opcode isn't OpcodeQuery or OpcodeNotify
+//
+// * Zero bit isn't zero
+//
+// * does not have exactly 1 question in the question section
+//
+// * has more than 1 RR in the Answer section
+//
+// * has more than 0 RRs in the Authority section
+//
+// * has more than 2 RRs in the Additional section
+//
+var DefaultMsgAcceptFunc MsgAcceptFunc = defaultMsgAcceptFunc
+
+// MsgAcceptAction represents the action to be taken.
+type MsgAcceptAction int
+
+// Allowed returned values from a MsgAcceptFunc.
+const (
+	MsgAccept               MsgAcceptAction = iota // Accept the message
+	MsgReject                                      // Reject the message with a RcodeFormatError
+	MsgIgnore                                      // Ignore the error and send nothing back.
+	MsgRejectNotImplemented                        // Reject the message with a RcodeNotImplemented
+)
+
+func defaultMsgAcceptFunc(dh Header) MsgAcceptAction {
+	if isResponse := dh.Bits&_QR != 0; isResponse {
+		return MsgIgnore
+	}
+
+	// Don't allow dynamic updates, because then the sections can contain a whole bunch of RRs.
+	opcode := int(dh.Bits>>11) & 0xF
+	if opcode != OpcodeQuery && opcode != OpcodeNotify {
+		return MsgRejectNotImplemented
+	}
+
+	if dh.Qdcount != 1 {
+		return MsgReject
+	}
+	// NOTIFY requests can have a SOA in the ANSWER section. See RFC 1996 Section 3.7 and 3.11.
+	if dh.Ancount > 1 {
+		return MsgReject
+	}
+	// IXFR request could have one SOA RR in the NS section. See RFC 1995, section 3.
+	if dh.Nscount > 1 {
+		return MsgReject
+	}
+	if dh.Arcount > 2 {
+		return MsgReject
+	}
+	return MsgAccept
+}

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/client.go

+package dns
+
+// A client implementation.
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+const (
+	dnsTimeout     time.Duration = 2 * time.Second
+	tcpIdleTimeout time.Duration = 8 * time.Second
+)
+
+func isPacketConn(c net.Conn) bool {
+	if _, ok := c.(net.PacketConn); !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if ua, ok := c.LocalAddr().(*net.UnixAddr); ok {
+		return ua.Net == "unixgram" || ua.Net == "unixpacket"
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
+// A Conn represents a connection to a DNS server.
+type Conn struct {
+	net.Conn                         // a net.Conn holding the connection
+	UDPSize        uint16            // minimum receive buffer for UDP messages
+	TsigSecret     map[string]string // secret(s) for Tsig map[<zonename>]<base64 secret>, zonename must be in canonical form (lowercase, fqdn, see RFC 4034 Section 6.2)
+	TsigProvider   TsigProvider      // An implementation of the TsigProvider interface. If defined it replaces TsigSecret and is used for all TSIG operations.
+	tsigRequestMAC string
+}
+
+func (co *Conn) tsigProvider() TsigProvider {
+	if co.TsigProvider != nil {
+		return co.TsigProvider
+	}
+	// tsigSecretProvider will return ErrSecret if co.TsigSecret is nil.
+	return tsigSecretProvider(co.TsigSecret)
+}
+
+// A Client defines parameters for a DNS client.
+type Client struct {
+	Net       string      // if "tcp" or "tcp-tls" (DNS over TLS) a TCP query will be initiated, otherwise an UDP one (default is "" for UDP)
+	UDPSize   uint16      // minimum receive buffer for UDP messages
+	TLSConfig *tls.Config // TLS connection configuration
+	Dialer    *net.Dialer // a net.Dialer used to set local address, timeouts and more
+	// Timeout is a cumulative timeout for dial, write and read, defaults to 0 (disabled) - overrides DialTimeout, ReadTimeout,
+	// WriteTimeout when non-zero. Can be overridden with net.Dialer.Timeout (see Client.ExchangeWithDialer and
+	// Client.Dialer) or context.Context.Deadline (see ExchangeContext)
+	Timeout        time.Duration
+	DialTimeout    time.Duration     // net.DialTimeout, defaults to 2 seconds, or net.Dialer.Timeout if expiring earlier - overridden by Timeout when that value is non-zero
+	ReadTimeout    time.Duration     // net.Conn.SetReadTimeout value for connections, defaults to 2 seconds - overridden by Timeout when that value is non-zero
+	WriteTimeout   time.Duration     // net.Conn.SetWriteTimeout value for connections, defaults to 2 seconds - overridden by Timeout when that value is non-zero
+	TsigSecret     map[string]string // secret(s) for Tsig map[<zonename>]<base64 secret>, zonename must be in canonical form (lowercase, fqdn, see RFC 4034 Section 6.2)
+	TsigProvider   TsigProvider      // An implementation of the TsigProvider interface. If defined it replaces TsigSecret and is used for all TSIG operations.
+	SingleInflight bool              // if true suppress multiple outstanding queries for the same Qname, Qtype and Qclass
+	group          singleflight
+}
+
+// Exchange performs a synchronous UDP query. It sends the message m to the address
+// contained in a and waits for a reply. Exchange does not retry a failed query, nor
+// will it fall back to TCP in case of truncation.
+// See client.Exchange for more information on setting larger buffer sizes.
+func Exchange(m *Msg, a string) (r *Msg, err error) {
+	client := Client{Net: "udp"}
+	r, _, err = client.Exchange(m, a)
+	return r, err
+}
+
+func (c *Client) dialTimeout() time.Duration {
+	if c.Timeout != 0 {
+		return c.Timeout
+	}
+	if c.DialTimeout != 0 {
+		return c.DialTimeout
+	}
+	return dnsTimeout
+}
+
+func (c *Client) readTimeout() time.Duration {
+	if c.ReadTimeout != 0 {
+		return c.ReadTimeout
+	}
+	return dnsTimeout
+}
+
+func (c *Client) writeTimeout() time.Duration {
+	if c.WriteTimeout != 0 {
+		return c.WriteTimeout
+	}
+	return dnsTimeout
+}
+
+// Dial connects to the address on the named network.
+func (c *Client) Dial(address string) (conn *Conn, err error) {
+	return c.DialContext(context.Background(), address)
+}
+
+// DialContext connects to the address on the named network, with a context.Context.
+// For TLS over TCP (DoT) the context isn't used yet. This will be enabled when Go 1.18 is released.
+func (c *Client) DialContext(ctx context.Context, address string) (conn *Conn, err error) {
+	// create a new dialer with the appropriate timeout
+	var d net.Dialer
+	if c.Dialer == nil {
+		d = net.Dialer{Timeout: c.getTimeoutForRequest(c.dialTimeout())}
+	} else {
+		d = *c.Dialer
+	}
+
+	network := c.Net
+	if network == "" {
+		network = "udp"
+	}
+
+	useTLS := strings.HasPrefix(network, "tcp") && strings.HasSuffix(network, "-tls")
+
+	conn = new(Conn)
+	if useTLS {
+		network = strings.TrimSuffix(network, "-tls")
+
+		// TODO(miekg): Enable after Go 1.18 is released, to be able to support two prev. releases.
+		/*
+			tlsDialer := tls.Dialer{
+				NetDialer: &d,
+				Config:    c.TLSConfig,
+			}
+			conn.Conn, err = tlsDialer.DialContext(ctx, network, address)
+		*/
+		conn.Conn, err = tls.DialWithDialer(&d, network, address, c.TLSConfig)
+	} else {
+		conn.Conn, err = d.DialContext(ctx, network, address)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	conn.UDPSize = c.UDPSize
+	return conn, nil
+}
+
+// Exchange performs a synchronous query. It sends the message m to the address
+// contained in a and waits for a reply. Basic use pattern with a *dns.Client:
+//
+//	c := new(dns.Client)
+//	in, rtt, err := c.Exchange(message, "127.0.0.1:53")
+//
+// Exchange does not retry a failed query, nor will it fall back to TCP in
+// case of truncation.
+// It is up to the caller to create a message that allows for larger responses to be
+// returned. Specifically this means adding an EDNS0 OPT RR that will advertise a larger
+// buffer, see SetEdns0. Messages without an OPT RR will fallback to the historic limit
+// of 512 bytes
+// To specify a local address or a timeout, the caller has to set the `Client.Dialer`
+// attribute appropriately
+func (c *Client) Exchange(m *Msg, address string) (r *Msg, rtt time.Duration, err error) {
+	co, err := c.Dial(address)
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, 0, err
+	}
+	defer co.Close()
+	return c.ExchangeWithConn(m, co)
+}
+
+// ExchangeWithConn has the same behavior as Exchange, just with a predetermined connection
+// that will be used instead of creating a new one.
+// Usage pattern with a *dns.Client:
+//
+//	c := new(dns.Client)
+//	// connection management logic goes here
+//
+//	conn := c.Dial(address)
+//	in, rtt, err := c.ExchangeWithConn(message, conn)
+//
+// This allows users of the library to implement their own connection management,
+// as opposed to Exchange, which will always use new connections and incur the added overhead
+// that entails when using "tcp" and especially "tcp-tls" clients.
+//
+// When the singleflight is set for this client the context is _not_ forwarded to the (shared) exchange, to
+// prevent one cancelation from canceling all outstanding requests.
+func (c *Client) ExchangeWithConn(m *Msg, conn *Conn) (r *Msg, rtt time.Duration, err error) {
+	return c.exchangeWithConnContext(context.Background(), m, conn)
+}
+
+func (c *Client) exchangeWithConnContext(ctx context.Context, m *Msg, conn *Conn) (r *Msg, rtt time.Duration, err error) {
+	if !c.SingleInflight {
+		return c.exchangeContext(ctx, m, conn)
+	}
+
+	q := m.Question[0]
+	key := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d:%d", q.Name, q.Qtype, q.Qclass)
+	r, rtt, err, shared := c.group.Do(key, func() (*Msg, time.Duration, error) {
+		// When we're doing singleflight we don't want one context cancelation, cancel _all_ outstanding queries.
+		// Hence we ignore the context and use Background().
+		return c.exchangeContext(context.Background(), m, conn)
+	})
+	if r != nil && shared {
+		r = r.Copy()
+	}
+
+	return r, rtt, err
+}
+
+func (c *Client) exchangeContext(ctx context.Context, m *Msg, co *Conn) (r *Msg, rtt time.Duration, err error) {
+	opt := m.IsEdns0()
+	// If EDNS0 is used use that for size.
+	if opt != nil && opt.UDPSize() >= MinMsgSize {
+		co.UDPSize = opt.UDPSize()
+	}
+	// Otherwise use the client's configured UDP size.
+	if opt == nil && c.UDPSize >= MinMsgSize {
+		co.UDPSize = c.UDPSize
+	}
+
+	// write with the appropriate write timeout
+	t := time.Now()
+	writeDeadline := t.Add(c.getTimeoutForRequest(c.writeTimeout()))
+	readDeadline := t.Add(c.getTimeoutForRequest(c.readTimeout()))
+	if deadline, ok := ctx.Deadline(); ok {
+		if deadline.Before(writeDeadline) {
+			writeDeadline = deadline
+		}
+		if deadline.Before(readDeadline) {
+			readDeadline = deadline
+		}
+	}
+	co.SetWriteDeadline(writeDeadline)
+	co.SetReadDeadline(readDeadline)
+
+	co.TsigSecret, co.TsigProvider = c.TsigSecret, c.TsigProvider
+
+	if err = co.WriteMsg(m); err != nil {
+		return nil, 0, err
+	}
+
+	if isPacketConn(co.Conn) {
+		for {
+			r, err = co.ReadMsg()
+			// Ignore replies with mismatched IDs because they might be
+			// responses to earlier queries that timed out.
+			if err != nil || r.Id == m.Id {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		r, err = co.ReadMsg()
+		if err == nil && r.Id != m.Id {
+			err = ErrId
+		}
+	}
+	rtt = time.Since(t)
+	return r, rtt, err
+}
+
+// ReadMsg reads a message from the connection co.
+// If the received message contains a TSIG record the transaction signature
+// is verified. This method always tries to return the message, however if an
+// error is returned there are no guarantees that the returned message is a
+// valid representation of the packet read.
+func (co *Conn) ReadMsg() (*Msg, error) {
+	p, err := co.ReadMsgHeader(nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	m := new(Msg)
+	if err := m.Unpack(p); err != nil {
+		// If an error was returned, we still want to allow the user to use
+		// the message, but naively they can just check err if they don't want
+		// to use an erroneous message
+		return m, err
+	}
+	if t := m.IsTsig(); t != nil {
+		// Need to work on the original message p, as that was used to calculate the tsig.
+		err = TsigVerifyWithProvider(p, co.tsigProvider(), co.tsigRequestMAC, false)
+	}
+	return m, err
+}
+
+// ReadMsgHeader reads a DNS message, parses and populates hdr (when hdr is not nil).
+// Returns message as a byte slice to be parsed with Msg.Unpack later on.
+// Note that error handling on the message body is not possible as only the header is parsed.
+func (co *Conn) ReadMsgHeader(hdr *Header) ([]byte, error) {
+	var (
+		p   []byte
+		n   int
+		err error
+	)
+
+	if isPacketConn(co.Conn) {
+		if co.UDPSize > MinMsgSize {
+			p = make([]byte, co.UDPSize)
+		} else {
+			p = make([]byte, MinMsgSize)
+		}
+		n, err = co.Read(p)
+	} else {
+		var length uint16
+		if err := binary.Read(co.Conn, binary.BigEndian, &length); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		p = make([]byte, length)
+		n, err = io.ReadFull(co.Conn, p)
+	}
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	} else if n < headerSize {
+		return nil, ErrShortRead
+	}
+
+	p = p[:n]
+	if hdr != nil {
+		dh, _, err := unpackMsgHdr(p, 0)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		*hdr = dh
+	}
+	return p, err
+}
+
+// Read implements the net.Conn read method.
+func (co *Conn) Read(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
+	if co.Conn == nil {
+		return 0, ErrConnEmpty
+	}
+
+	if isPacketConn(co.Conn) {
+		// UDP connection
+		return co.Conn.Read(p)
+	}
+
+	var length uint16
+	if err := binary.Read(co.Conn, binary.BigEndian, &length); err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	if int(length) > len(p) {
+		return 0, io.ErrShortBuffer
+	}
+
+	return io.ReadFull(co.Conn, p[:length])
+}
+
+// WriteMsg sends a message through the connection co.
+// If the message m contains a TSIG record the transaction
+// signature is calculated.
+func (co *Conn) WriteMsg(m *Msg) (err error) {
+	var out []byte
+	if t := m.IsTsig(); t != nil {
+		// Set tsigRequestMAC for the next read, although only used in zone transfers.
+		out, co.tsigRequestMAC, err = TsigGenerateWithProvider(m, co.tsigProvider(), co.tsigRequestMAC, false)
+	} else {
+		out, err = m.Pack()
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	_, err = co.Write(out)
+	return err
+}
+
+// Write implements the net.Conn Write method.
+func (co *Conn) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {
+	if len(p) > MaxMsgSize {
+		return 0, &Error{err: "message too large"}
+	}
+
+	if isPacketConn(co.Conn) {
+		return co.Conn.Write(p)
+	}
+
+	msg := make([]byte, 2+len(p))
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(msg, uint16(len(p)))
+	copy(msg[2:], p)
+	return co.Conn.Write(msg)
+}
+
+// Return the appropriate timeout for a specific request
+func (c *Client) getTimeoutForRequest(timeout time.Duration) time.Duration {
+	var requestTimeout time.Duration
+	if c.Timeout != 0 {
+		requestTimeout = c.Timeout
+	} else {
+		requestTimeout = timeout
+	}
+	// net.Dialer.Timeout has priority if smaller than the timeouts computed so
+	// far
+	if c.Dialer != nil && c.Dialer.Timeout != 0 {
+		if c.Dialer.Timeout < requestTimeout {
+			requestTimeout = c.Dialer.Timeout
+		}
+	}
+	return requestTimeout
+}
+
+// Dial connects to the address on the named network.
+func Dial(network, address string) (conn *Conn, err error) {
+	conn = new(Conn)
+	conn.Conn, err = net.Dial(network, address)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return conn, nil
+}
+
+// ExchangeContext performs a synchronous UDP query, like Exchange. It
+// additionally obeys deadlines from the passed Context.
+func ExchangeContext(ctx context.Context, m *Msg, a string) (r *Msg, err error) {
+	client := Client{Net: "udp"}
+	r, _, err = client.ExchangeContext(ctx, m, a)
+	// ignoring rtt to leave the original ExchangeContext API unchanged, but
+	// this function will go away
+	return r, err
+}
+
+// ExchangeConn performs a synchronous query. It sends the message m via the connection
+// c and waits for a reply. The connection c is not closed by ExchangeConn.
+// Deprecated: This function is going away, but can easily be mimicked:
+//
+//	co := &dns.Conn{Conn: c} // c is your net.Conn
+//	co.WriteMsg(m)
+//	in, _  := co.ReadMsg()
+//	co.Close()
+//
+func ExchangeConn(c net.Conn, m *Msg) (r *Msg, err error) {
+	println("dns: ExchangeConn: this function is deprecated")
+	co := new(Conn)
+	co.Conn = c
+	if err = co.WriteMsg(m); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	r, err = co.ReadMsg()
+	if err == nil && r.Id != m.Id {
+		err = ErrId
+	}
+	return r, err
+}
+
+// DialTimeout acts like Dial but takes a timeout.
+func DialTimeout(network, address string, timeout time.Duration) (conn *Conn, err error) {
+	client := Client{Net: network, Dialer: &net.Dialer{Timeout: timeout}}
+	return client.Dial(address)
+}
+
+// DialWithTLS connects to the address on the named network with TLS.
+func DialWithTLS(network, address string, tlsConfig *tls.Config) (conn *Conn, err error) {
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(network, "-tls") {
+		network += "-tls"
+	}
+	client := Client{Net: network, TLSConfig: tlsConfig}
+	return client.Dial(address)
+}
+
+// DialTimeoutWithTLS acts like DialWithTLS but takes a timeout.
+func DialTimeoutWithTLS(network, address string, tlsConfig *tls.Config, timeout time.Duration) (conn *Conn, err error) {
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(network, "-tls") {
+		network += "-tls"
+	}
+	client := Client{Net: network, Dialer: &net.Dialer{Timeout: timeout}, TLSConfig: tlsConfig}
+	return client.Dial(address)
+}
+
+// ExchangeContext acts like Exchange, but honors the deadline on the provided
+// context, if present. If there is both a context deadline and a configured
+// timeout on the client, the earliest of the two takes effect.
+func (c *Client) ExchangeContext(ctx context.Context, m *Msg, a string) (r *Msg, rtt time.Duration, err error) {
+	conn, err := c.DialContext(ctx, a)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, 0, err
+	}
+	defer conn.Close()
+
+	return c.exchangeWithConnContext(ctx, m, conn)
+}

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/clientconfig.go

+package dns
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// ClientConfig wraps the contents of the /etc/resolv.conf file.
+type ClientConfig struct {
+	Servers  []string // servers to use
+	Search   []string // suffixes to append to local name
+	Port     string   // what port to use
+	Ndots    int      // number of dots in name to trigger absolute lookup
+	Timeout  int      // seconds before giving up on packet
+	Attempts int      // lost packets before giving up on server, not used in the package dns
+}
+
+// ClientConfigFromFile parses a resolv.conf(5) like file and returns
+// a *ClientConfig.
+func ClientConfigFromFile(resolvconf string) (*ClientConfig, error) {
+	file, err := os.Open(resolvconf)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+	return ClientConfigFromReader(file)
+}
+
+// ClientConfigFromReader works like ClientConfigFromFile but takes an io.Reader as argument
+func ClientConfigFromReader(resolvconf io.Reader) (*ClientConfig, error) {
+	c := new(ClientConfig)
+	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(resolvconf)
+	c.Servers = make([]string, 0)
+	c.Search = make([]string, 0)
+	c.Port = "53"
+	c.Ndots = 1
+	c.Timeout = 5
+	c.Attempts = 2
+
+	for scanner.Scan() {
+		if err := scanner.Err(); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		line := scanner.Text()
+		f := strings.Fields(line)
+		if len(f) < 1 {
+			continue
+		}
+		switch f[0] {
+		case "nameserver": // add one name server
+			if len(f) > 1 {
+				// One more check: make sure server name is
+				// just an IP address.  Otherwise we need DNS
+				// to look it up.
+				name := f[1]
+				c.Servers = append(c.Servers, name)
+			}
+
+		case "domain": // set search path to just this domain
+			if len(f) > 1 {
+				c.Search = make([]string, 1)
+				c.Search[0] = f[1]
+			} else {
+				c.Search = make([]string, 0)
+			}
+
+		case "search": // set search path to given servers
+			c.Search = append([]string(nil), f[1:]...)
+
+		case "options": // magic options
+			for _, s := range f[1:] {
+				switch {
+				case len(s) >= 6 && s[:6] == "ndots:":
+					n, _ := strconv.Atoi(s[6:])
+					if n < 0 {
+						n = 0
+					} else if n > 15 {
+						n = 15
+					}
+					c.Ndots = n
+				case len(s) >= 8 && s[:8] == "timeout:":
+					n, _ := strconv.Atoi(s[8:])
+					if n < 1 {
+						n = 1
+					}
+					c.Timeout = n
+				case len(s) >= 9 && s[:9] == "attempts:":
+					n, _ := strconv.Atoi(s[9:])
+					if n < 1 {
+						n = 1
+					}
+					c.Attempts = n
+				case s == "rotate":
+					/* not imp */
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return c, nil
+}
+
+// NameList returns all of the names that should be queried based on the
+// config. It is based off of go's net/dns name building, but it does not
+// check the length of the resulting names.
+func (c *ClientConfig) NameList(name string) []string {
+	// if this domain is already fully qualified, no append needed.
+	if IsFqdn(name) {
+		return []string{name}
+	}
+
+	// Check to see if the name has more labels than Ndots. Do this before making
+	// the domain fully qualified.
+	hasNdots := CountLabel(name) > c.Ndots
+	// Make the domain fully qualified.
+	name = Fqdn(name)
+
+	// Make a list of names based off search.
+	names := []string{}
+
+	// If name has enough dots, try that first.
+	if hasNdots {
+		names = append(names, name)
+	}
+	for _, s := range c.Search {
+		names = append(names, Fqdn(name+s))
+	}
+	// If we didn't have enough dots, try after suffixes.
+	if !hasNdots {
+		names = append(names, name)
+	}
+	return names
+}

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/dane.go

+package dns
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"crypto/sha512"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"errors"
+)
+
+// CertificateToDANE converts a certificate to a hex string as used in the TLSA or SMIMEA records.
+func CertificateToDANE(selector, matchingType uint8, cert *x509.Certificate) (string, error) {
+	switch matchingType {
+	case 0:
+		switch selector {
+		case 0:
+			return hex.EncodeToString(cert.Raw), nil
+		case 1:
+			return hex.EncodeToString(cert.RawSubjectPublicKeyInfo), nil
+		}
+	case 1:
+		h := sha256.New()
+		switch selector {
+		case 0:
+			h.Write(cert.Raw)
+			return hex.EncodeToString(h.Sum(nil)), nil
+		case 1:
+			h.Write(cert.RawSubjectPublicKeyInfo)
+			return hex.EncodeToString(h.Sum(nil)), nil
+		}
+	case 2:
+		h := sha512.New()
+		switch selector {
+		case 0:
+			h.Write(cert.Raw)
+			return hex.EncodeToString(h.Sum(nil)), nil
+		case 1:
+			h.Write(cert.RawSubjectPublicKeyInfo)
+			return hex.EncodeToString(h.Sum(nil)), nil
+		}
+	}
+	return "", errors.New("dns: bad MatchingType or Selector")
+}

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/defaults.go

+package dns
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"net"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+const hexDigit = "0123456789abcdef"
+
+// Everything is assumed in ClassINET.
+
+// SetReply creates a reply message from a request message.
+func (dns *Msg) SetReply(request *Msg) *Msg {
+	dns.Id = request.Id
+	dns.Response = true
+	dns.Opcode = request.Opcode
+	if dns.Opcode == OpcodeQuery {
+		dns.RecursionDesired = request.RecursionDesired // Copy rd bit
+		dns.CheckingDisabled = request.CheckingDisabled // Copy cd bit
+	}
+	dns.Rcode = RcodeSuccess
+	if len(request.Question) > 0 {
+		dns.Question = make([]Question, 1)
+		dns.Question[0] = request.Question[0]
+	}
+	return dns
+}
+
+// SetQuestion creates a question message, it sets the Question
+// section, generates an Id and sets the RecursionDesired (RD)
+// bit to true.
+func (dns *Msg) SetQuestion(z string, t uint16) *Msg {
+	dns.Id = Id()
+	dns.RecursionDesired = true
+	dns.Question = make([]Question, 1)
+	dns.Question[0] = Question{z, t, ClassINET}
+	return dns
+}
+
+// SetNotify creates a notify message, it sets the Question
+// section, generates an Id and sets the Authoritative (AA)
+// bit to true.
+func (dns *Msg) SetNotify(z string) *Msg {
+	dns.Opcode = OpcodeNotify
+	dns.Authoritative = true
+	dns.Id = Id()
+	dns.Question = make([]Question, 1)
+	dns.Question[0] = Question{z, TypeSOA, ClassINET}
+	return dns
+}
+
+// SetRcode creates an error message suitable for the request.
+func (dns *Msg) SetRcode(request *Msg, rcode int) *Msg {
+	dns.SetReply(request)
+	dns.Rcode = rcode
+	return dns
+}
+
+// SetRcodeFormatError creates a message with FormError set.
+func (dns *Msg) SetRcodeFormatError(request *Msg) *Msg {
+	dns.Rcode = RcodeFormatError
+	dns.Opcode = OpcodeQuery
+	dns.Response = true
+	dns.Authoritative = false
+	dns.Id = request.Id
+	return dns
+}
+
+// SetUpdate makes the message a dynamic update message. It
+// sets the ZONE section to: z, TypeSOA, ClassINET.
+func (dns *Msg) SetUpdate(z string) *Msg {
+	dns.Id = Id()
+	dns.Response = false
+	dns.Opcode = OpcodeUpdate
+	dns.Compress = false // BIND9 cannot handle compression
+	dns.Question = make([]Question, 1)
+	dns.Question[0] = Question{z, TypeSOA, ClassINET}
+	return dns
+}
+
+// SetIxfr creates message for requesting an IXFR.
+func (dns *Msg) SetIxfr(z string, serial uint32, ns, mbox string) *Msg {
+	dns.Id = Id()
+	dns.Question = make([]Question, 1)
+	dns.Ns = make([]RR, 1)
+	s := new(SOA)
+	s.Hdr = RR_Header{z, TypeSOA, ClassINET, defaultTtl, 0}
+	s.Serial = serial
+	s.Ns = ns
+	s.Mbox = mbox
+	dns.Question[0] = Question{z, TypeIXFR, ClassINET}
+	dns.Ns[0] = s
+	return dns
+}
+
+// SetAxfr creates message for requesting an AXFR.
+func (dns *Msg) SetAxfr(z string) *Msg {
+	dns.Id = Id()
+	dns.Question = make([]Question, 1)
+	dns.Question[0] = Question{z, TypeAXFR, ClassINET}
+	return dns
+}
+
+// SetTsig appends a TSIG RR to the message.
+// This is only a skeleton TSIG RR that is added as the last RR in the
+// additional section. The TSIG is calculated when the message is being send.
+func (dns *Msg) SetTsig(z, algo string, fudge uint16, timesigned int64) *Msg {
+	t := new(TSIG)
+	t.Hdr = RR_Header{z, TypeTSIG, ClassANY, 0, 0}
+	t.Algorithm = algo
+	t.Fudge = fudge
+	t.TimeSigned = uint64(timesigned)
+	t.OrigId = dns.Id
+	dns.Extra = append(dns.Extra, t)
+	return dns
+}
+
+// SetEdns0 appends a EDNS0 OPT RR to the message.
+// TSIG should always the last RR in a message.
+func (dns *Msg) SetEdns0(udpsize uint16, do bool) *Msg {
+	e := new(OPT)
+	e.Hdr.Name = "."
+	e.Hdr.Rrtype = TypeOPT
+	e.SetUDPSize(udpsize)
+	if do {
+		e.SetDo()
+	}
+	dns.Extra = append(dns.Extra, e)
+	return dns
+}
+
+// IsTsig checks if the message has a TSIG record as the last record
+// in the additional section. It returns the TSIG record found or nil.
+func (dns *Msg) IsTsig() *TSIG {
+	if len(dns.Extra) > 0 {
+		if dns.Extra[len(dns.Extra)-1].Header().Rrtype == TypeTSIG {
+			return dns.Extra[len(dns.Extra)-1].(*TSIG)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// IsEdns0 checks if the message has a EDNS0 (OPT) record, any EDNS0
+// record in the additional section will do. It returns the OPT record
+// found or nil.
+func (dns *Msg) IsEdns0() *OPT {
+	// RFC 6891, Section 6.1.1 allows the OPT record to appear
+	// anywhere in the additional record section, but it's usually at
+	// the end so start there.
+	for i := len(dns.Extra) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		if dns.Extra[i].Header().Rrtype == TypeOPT {
+			return dns.Extra[i].(*OPT)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// popEdns0 is like IsEdns0, but it removes the record from the message.
+func (dns *Msg) popEdns0() *OPT {
+	// RFC 6891, Section 6.1.1 allows the OPT record to appear
+	// anywhere in the additional record section, but it's usually at
+	// the end so start there.
+	for i := len(dns.Extra) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		if dns.Extra[i].Header().Rrtype == TypeOPT {
+			opt := dns.Extra[i].(*OPT)
+			dns.Extra = append(dns.Extra[:i], dns.Extra[i+1:]...)
+			return opt
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// IsDomainName checks if s is a valid domain name, it returns the number of
+// labels and true, when a domain name is valid.  Note that non fully qualified
+// domain name is considered valid, in this case the last label is counted in
+// the number of labels.  When false is returned the number of labels is not
+// defined.  Also note that this function is extremely liberal; almost any
+// string is a valid domain name as the DNS is 8 bit protocol. It checks if each
+// label fits in 63 characters and that the entire name will fit into the 255
+// octet wire format limit.
+func IsDomainName(s string) (labels int, ok bool) {
+	// XXX: The logic in this function was copied from packDomainName and
+	// should be kept in sync with that function.
+
+	const lenmsg = 256
+
+	if len(s) == 0 { // Ok, for instance when dealing with update RR without any rdata.
+		return 0, false
+	}
+
+	s = Fqdn(s)
+
+	// Each dot ends a segment of the name. Except for escaped dots (\.), which
+	// are normal dots.
+
+	var (
+		off    int
+		begin  int
+		wasDot bool
+	)
+	for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
+		switch s[i] {
+		case '\\':
+			if off+1 > lenmsg {
+				return labels, false
+			}
+
+			// check for \DDD
+			if i+3 < len(s) && isDigit(s[i+1]) && isDigit(s[i+2]) && isDigit(s[i+3]) {
+				i += 3
+				begin += 3
+			} else {
+				i++
+				begin++
+			}
+
+			wasDot = false
+		case '.':
+			if i == 0 && len(s) > 1 {
+				// leading dots are not legal except for the root zone
+				return labels, false
+			}
+
+			if wasDot {
+				// two dots back to back is not legal
+				return labels, false
+			}
+			wasDot = true
+
+			labelLen := i - begin
+			if labelLen >= 1<<6 { // top two bits of length must be clear
+				return labels, false
+			}
+
+			// off can already (we're in a loop) be bigger than lenmsg
+			// this happens when a name isn't fully qualified
+			off += 1 + labelLen
+			if off > lenmsg {
+				return labels, false
+			}
+
+			labels++
+			begin = i + 1
+		default:
+			wasDot = false
+		}
+	}
+
+	return labels, true
+}
+
+// IsSubDomain checks if child is indeed a child of the parent. If child and parent
+// are the same domain true is returned as well.
+func IsSubDomain(parent, child string) bool {
+	// Entire child is contained in parent
+	return CompareDomainName(parent, child) == CountLabel(parent)
+}
+
+// IsMsg sanity checks buf and returns an error if it isn't a valid DNS packet.
+// The checking is performed on the binary payload.
+func IsMsg(buf []byte) error {
+	// Header
+	if len(buf) < headerSize {
+		return errors.New("dns: bad message header")
+	}
+	// Header: Opcode
+	// TODO(miek): more checks here, e.g. check all header bits.
+	return nil
+}
+
+// IsFqdn checks if a domain name is fully qualified.
+func IsFqdn(s string) bool {
+	s2 := strings.TrimSuffix(s, ".")
+	if s == s2 {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	i := strings.LastIndexFunc(s2, func(r rune) bool {
+		return r != '\\'
+	})
+
+	// Test whether we have an even number of escape sequences before
+	// the dot or none.
+	return (len(s2)-i)%2 != 0
+}
+
+// IsRRset checks if a set of RRs is a valid RRset as defined by RFC 2181.
+// This means the RRs need to have the same type, name, and class. Returns true
+// if the RR set is valid, otherwise false.
+func IsRRset(rrset []RR) bool {
+	if len(rrset) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	if len(rrset) == 1 {
+		return true
+	}
+	rrHeader := rrset[0].Header()
+	rrType := rrHeader.Rrtype
+	rrClass := rrHeader.Class
+	rrName := rrHeader.Name
+
+	for _, rr := range rrset[1:] {
+		curRRHeader := rr.Header()
+		if curRRHeader.Rrtype != rrType || curRRHeader.Class != rrClass || curRRHeader.Name != rrName {
+			// Mismatch between the records, so this is not a valid rrset for
+			//signing/verifying
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
+// Fqdn return the fully qualified domain name from s.
+// If s is already fully qualified, it behaves as the identity function.
+func Fqdn(s string) string {
+	if IsFqdn(s) {
+		return s
+	}
+	return s + "."
+}
+
+// CanonicalName returns the domain name in canonical form. A name in canonical
+// form is lowercase and fully qualified. See Section 6.2 in RFC 4034.
+func CanonicalName(s string) string {
+	return strings.ToLower(Fqdn(s))
+}
+
+// Copied from the official Go code.
+
+// ReverseAddr returns the in-addr.arpa. or ip6.arpa. hostname of the IP
+// address suitable for reverse DNS (PTR) record lookups or an error if it fails
+// to parse the IP address.
+func ReverseAddr(addr string) (arpa string, err error) {
+	ip := net.ParseIP(addr)
+	if ip == nil {
+		return "", &Error{err: "unrecognized address: " + addr}
+	}
+	if v4 := ip.To4(); v4 != nil {
+		buf := make([]byte, 0, net.IPv4len*4+len("in-addr.arpa."))
+		// Add it, in reverse, to the buffer
+		for i := len(v4) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+			buf = strconv.AppendInt(buf, int64(v4[i]), 10)
+			buf = append(buf, '.')
+		}
+		// Append "in-addr.arpa." and return (buf already has the final .)
+		buf = append(buf, "in-addr.arpa."...)
+		return string(buf), nil
+	}
+	// Must be IPv6
+	buf := make([]byte, 0, net.IPv6len*4+len("ip6.arpa."))
+	// Add it, in reverse, to the buffer
+	for i := len(ip) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		v := ip[i]
+		buf = append(buf, hexDigit[v&0xF], '.', hexDigit[v>>4], '.')
+	}
+	// Append "ip6.arpa." and return (buf already has the final .)
+	buf = append(buf, "ip6.arpa."...)
+	return string(buf), nil
+}
+
+// String returns the string representation for the type t.
+func (t Type) String() string {
+	if t1, ok := TypeToString[uint16(t)]; ok {
+		return t1
+	}
+	return "TYPE" + strconv.Itoa(int(t))
+}
+
+// String returns the string representation for the class c.
+func (c Class) String() string {
+	if s, ok := ClassToString[uint16(c)]; ok {
+		// Only emit mnemonics when they are unambiguous, specially ANY is in both.
+		if _, ok := StringToType[s]; !ok {
+			return s
+		}
+	}
+	return "CLASS" + strconv.Itoa(int(c))
+}
+
+// String returns the string representation for the name n.
+func (n Name) String() string {
+	return sprintName(string(n))
+}

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/dns.go

+package dns
+
+import (
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"strconv"
+)
+
+const (
+	year68     = 1 << 31 // For RFC1982 (Serial Arithmetic) calculations in 32 bits.
+	defaultTtl = 3600    // Default internal TTL.
+
+	// DefaultMsgSize is the standard default for messages larger than 512 bytes.
+	DefaultMsgSize = 4096
+	// MinMsgSize is the minimal size of a DNS packet.
+	MinMsgSize = 512
+	// MaxMsgSize is the largest possible DNS packet.
+	MaxMsgSize = 65535
+)
+
+// Error represents a DNS error.
+type Error struct{ err string }
+
+func (e *Error) Error() string {
+	if e == nil {
+		return "dns: <nil>"
+	}
+	return "dns: " + e.err
+}
+
+// An RR represents a resource record.
+type RR interface {
+	// Header returns the header of an resource record. The header contains
+	// everything up to the rdata.
+	Header() *RR_Header
+	// String returns the text representation of the resource record.
+	String() string
+
+	// copy returns a copy of the RR
+	copy() RR
+
+	// len returns the length (in octets) of the compressed or uncompressed RR in wire format.
+	//
+	// If compression is nil, the uncompressed size will be returned, otherwise the compressed
+	// size will be returned and domain names will be added to the map for future compression.
+	len(off int, compression map[string]struct{}) int
+
+	// pack packs the records RDATA into wire format. The header will
+	// already have been packed into msg.
+	pack(msg []byte, off int, compression compressionMap, compress bool) (off1 int, err error)
+
+	// unpack unpacks an RR from wire format.
+	//
+	// This will only be called on a new and empty RR type with only the header populated. It
+	// will only be called if the record's RDATA is non-empty.
+	unpack(msg []byte, off int) (off1 int, err error)
+
+	// parse parses an RR from zone file format.
+	//
+	// This will only be called on a new and empty RR type with only the header populated.
+	parse(c *zlexer, origin string) *ParseError
+
+	// isDuplicate returns whether the two RRs are duplicates.
+	isDuplicate(r2 RR) bool
+}
+
+// RR_Header is the header all DNS resource records share.
+type RR_Header struct {
+	Name     string `dns:"cdomain-name"`
+	Rrtype   uint16
+	Class    uint16
+	Ttl      uint32
+	Rdlength uint16 // Length of data after header.
+}
+
+// Header returns itself. This is here to make RR_Header implements the RR interface.
+func (h *RR_Header) Header() *RR_Header { return h }
+
+// Just to implement the RR interface.
+func (h *RR_Header) copy() RR { return nil }
+
+func (h *RR_Header) String() string {
+	var s string
+
+	if h.Rrtype == TypeOPT {
+		s = ";"
+		// and maybe other things
+	}
+
+	s += sprintName(h.Name) + "\t"
+	s += strconv.FormatInt(int64(h.Ttl), 10) + "\t"
+	s += Class(h.Class).String() + "\t"
+	s += Type(h.Rrtype).String() + "\t"
+	return s
+}
+
+func (h *RR_Header) len(off int, compression map[string]struct{}) int {
+	l := domainNameLen(h.Name, off, compression, true)
+	l += 10 // rrtype(2) + class(2) + ttl(4) + rdlength(2)
+	return l
+}
+
+func (h *RR_Header) pack(msg []byte, off int, compression compressionMap, compress bool) (off1 int, err error) {
+	// RR_Header has no RDATA to pack.
+	return off, nil
+}
+
+func (h *RR_Header) unpack(msg []byte, off int) (int, error) {
+	panic("dns: internal error: unpack should never be called on RR_Header")
+}
+
+func (h *RR_Header) parse(c *zlexer, origin string) *ParseError {
+	panic("dns: internal error: parse should never be called on RR_Header")
+}
+
+// ToRFC3597 converts a known RR to the unknown RR representation from RFC 3597.
+func (rr *RFC3597) ToRFC3597(r RR) error {
+	buf := make([]byte, Len(r))
+	headerEnd, off, err := packRR(r, buf, 0, compressionMap{}, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	buf = buf[:off]
+
+	*rr = RFC3597{Hdr: *r.Header()}
+	rr.Hdr.Rdlength = uint16(off - headerEnd)
+
+	if noRdata(rr.Hdr) {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	_, err = rr.unpack(buf, headerEnd)
+	return err
+}
+
+// fromRFC3597 converts an unknown RR representation from RFC 3597 to the known RR type.
+func (rr *RFC3597) fromRFC3597(r RR) error {
+	hdr := r.Header()
+	*hdr = rr.Hdr
+
+	// Can't overflow uint16 as the length of Rdata is validated in (*RFC3597).parse.
+	// We can only get here when rr was constructed with that method.
+	hdr.Rdlength = uint16(hex.DecodedLen(len(rr.Rdata)))
+
+	if noRdata(*hdr) {
+		// Dynamic update.
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// rr.pack requires an extra allocation and a copy so we just decode Rdata
+	// manually, it's simpler anyway.
+	msg, err := hex.DecodeString(rr.Rdata)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	_, err = r.unpack(msg, 0)
+	return err
+}

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/dnssec.go

+package dns
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"crypto"
+	"crypto/ecdsa"
+	"crypto/ed25519"
+	"crypto/elliptic"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/rsa"
+	_ "crypto/sha1"   // need its init function
+	_ "crypto/sha256" // need its init function
+	_ "crypto/sha512" // need its init function
+	"encoding/asn1"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"math/big"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// DNSSEC encryption algorithm codes.
+const (
+	_ uint8 = iota
+	RSAMD5
+	DH
+	DSA
+	_ // Skip 4, RFC 6725, section 2.1
+	RSASHA1
+	DSANSEC3SHA1
+	RSASHA1NSEC3SHA1
+	RSASHA256
+	_ // Skip 9, RFC 6725, section 2.1
+	RSASHA512
+	_ // Skip 11, RFC 6725, section 2.1
+	ECCGOST
+	ECDSAP256SHA256
+	ECDSAP384SHA384
+	ED25519
+	ED448
+	INDIRECT   uint8 = 252
+	PRIVATEDNS uint8 = 253 // Private (experimental keys)
+	PRIVATEOID uint8 = 254
+)
+
+// AlgorithmToString is a map of algorithm IDs to algorithm names.
+var AlgorithmToString = map[uint8]string{
+	RSAMD5:           "RSAMD5",
+	DH:               "DH",
+	DSA:              "DSA",
+	RSASHA1:          "RSASHA1",
+	DSANSEC3SHA1:     "DSA-NSEC3-SHA1",
+	RSASHA1NSEC3SHA1: "RSASHA1-NSEC3-SHA1",
+	RSASHA256:        "RSASHA256",
+	RSASHA512:        "RSASHA512",
+	ECCGOST:          "ECC-GOST",
+	ECDSAP256SHA256:  "ECDSAP256SHA256",
+	ECDSAP384SHA384:  "ECDSAP384SHA384",
+	ED25519:          "ED25519",
+	ED448:            "ED448",
+	INDIRECT:         "INDIRECT",
+	PRIVATEDNS:       "PRIVATEDNS",
+	PRIVATEOID:       "PRIVATEOID",
+}
+
+// AlgorithmToHash is a map of algorithm crypto hash IDs to crypto.Hash's.
+// For newer algorithm that do their own hashing (i.e. ED25519) the returned value
+// is 0, implying no (external) hashing should occur. The non-exported identityHash is then
+// used.
+var AlgorithmToHash = map[uint8]crypto.Hash{
+	RSAMD5:           crypto.MD5, // Deprecated in RFC 6725
+	DSA:              crypto.SHA1,
+	RSASHA1:          crypto.SHA1,
+	RSASHA1NSEC3SHA1: crypto.SHA1,
+	RSASHA256:        crypto.SHA256,
+	ECDSAP256SHA256:  crypto.SHA256,
+	ECDSAP384SHA384:  crypto.SHA384,
+	RSASHA512:        crypto.SHA512,
+	ED25519:          0,
+}
+
+// DNSSEC hashing algorithm codes.
+const (
+	_      uint8 = iota
+	SHA1         // RFC 4034
+	SHA256       // RFC 4509
+	GOST94       // RFC 5933
+	SHA384       // Experimental
+	SHA512       // Experimental
+)
+
+// HashToString is a map of hash IDs to names.
+var HashToString = map[uint8]string{
+	SHA1:   "SHA1",
+	SHA256: "SHA256",
+	GOST94: "GOST94",
+	SHA384: "SHA384",
+	SHA512: "SHA512",
+}
+
+// DNSKEY flag values.
+const (
+	SEP    = 1
+	REVOKE = 1 << 7
+	ZONE   = 1 << 8
+)
+
+// The RRSIG needs to be converted to wireformat with some of the rdata (the signature) missing.
+type rrsigWireFmt struct {
+	TypeCovered uint16
+	Algorithm   uint8
+	Labels      uint8
+	OrigTtl     uint32
+	Expiration  uint32
+	Inception   uint32
+	KeyTag      uint16
+	SignerName  string `dns:"domain-name"`
+	/* No Signature */
+}
+
+// Used for converting DNSKEY's rdata to wirefmt.
+type dnskeyWireFmt struct {
+	Flags     uint16
+	Protocol  uint8
+	Algorithm uint8
+	PublicKey string `dns:"base64"`
+	/* Nothing is left out */
+}
+
+func divRoundUp(a, b int) int {
+	return (a + b - 1) / b
+}
+
+// KeyTag calculates the keytag (or key-id) of the DNSKEY.
+func (k *DNSKEY) KeyTag() uint16 {
+	if k == nil {
+		return 0
+	}
+	var keytag int
+	switch k.Algorithm {
+	case RSAMD5:
+		// This algorithm has been deprecated, but keep this key-tag calculation.
+		// Look at the bottom two bytes of the modules, which the last item in the pubkey.
+		// See https://www.rfc-editor.org/errata/eid193 .
+		modulus, _ := fromBase64([]byte(k.PublicKey))
+		if len(modulus) > 1 {
+			x := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(modulus[len(modulus)-3:])
+			keytag = int(x)
+		}
+	default:
+		keywire := new(dnskeyWireFmt)
+		keywire.Flags = k.Flags
+		keywire.Protocol = k.Protocol
+		keywire.Algorithm = k.Algorithm
+		keywire.PublicKey = k.PublicKey
+		wire := make([]byte, DefaultMsgSize)
+		n, err := packKeyWire(keywire, wire)
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0
+		}
+		wire = wire[:n]
+		for i, v := range wire {
+			if i&1 != 0 {
+				keytag += int(v) // must be larger than uint32
+			} else {
+				keytag += int(v) << 8
+			}
+		}
+		keytag += keytag >> 16 & 0xFFFF
+		keytag &= 0xFFFF
+	}
+	return uint16(keytag)
+}
+
+// ToDS converts a DNSKEY record to a DS record.
+func (k *DNSKEY) ToDS(h uint8) *DS {
+	if k == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	ds := new(DS)
+	ds.Hdr.Name = k.Hdr.Name
+	ds.Hdr.Class = k.Hdr.Class
+	ds.Hdr.Rrtype = TypeDS
+	ds.Hdr.Ttl = k.Hdr.Ttl
+	ds.Algorithm = k.Algorithm
+	ds.DigestType = h
+	ds.KeyTag = k.KeyTag()
+
+	keywire := new(dnskeyWireFmt)
+	keywire.Flags = k.Flags
+	keywire.Protocol = k.Protocol
+	keywire.Algorithm = k.Algorithm
+	keywire.PublicKey = k.PublicKey
+	wire := make([]byte, DefaultMsgSize)
+	n, err := packKeyWire(keywire, wire)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	wire = wire[:n]
+
+	owner := make([]byte, 255)
+	off, err1 := PackDomainName(CanonicalName(k.Hdr.Name), owner, 0, nil, false)
+	if err1 != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	owner = owner[:off]
+	// RFC4034:
+	// digest = digest_algorithm( DNSKEY owner name | DNSKEY RDATA);
+	// "|" denotes concatenation
+	// DNSKEY RDATA = Flags | Protocol | Algorithm | Public Key.
+
+	var hash crypto.Hash
+	switch h {
+	case SHA1:
+		hash = crypto.SHA1
+	case SHA256:
+		hash = crypto.SHA256
+	case SHA384:
+		hash = crypto.SHA384
+	case SHA512:
+		hash = crypto.SHA512
+	default:
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	s := hash.New()
+	s.Write(owner)
+	s.Write(wire)
+	ds.Digest = hex.EncodeToString(s.Sum(nil))
+	return ds
+}
+
+// ToCDNSKEY converts a DNSKEY record to a CDNSKEY record.
+func (k *DNSKEY) ToCDNSKEY() *CDNSKEY {
+	c := &CDNSKEY{DNSKEY: *k}
+	c.Hdr = k.Hdr
+	c.Hdr.Rrtype = TypeCDNSKEY
+	return c
+}
+
+// ToCDS converts a DS record to a CDS record.
+func (d *DS) ToCDS() *CDS {
+	c := &CDS{DS: *d}
+	c.Hdr = d.Hdr
+	c.Hdr.Rrtype = TypeCDS
+	return c
+}
+
+// Sign signs an RRSet. The signature needs to be filled in with the values:
+// Inception, Expiration, KeyTag, SignerName and Algorithm.  The rest is copied
+// from the RRset. Sign returns a non-nill error when the signing went OK.
+// There is no check if RRSet is a proper (RFC 2181) RRSet.  If OrigTTL is non
+// zero, it is used as-is, otherwise the TTL of the RRset is used as the
+// OrigTTL.
+func (rr *RRSIG) Sign(k crypto.Signer, rrset []RR) error {
+	if k == nil {
+		return ErrPrivKey
+	}
+	// s.Inception and s.Expiration may be 0 (rollover etc.), the rest must be set
+	if rr.KeyTag == 0 || len(rr.SignerName) == 0 || rr.Algorithm == 0 {
+		return ErrKey
+	}
+
+	h0 := rrset[0].Header()
+	rr.Hdr.Rrtype = TypeRRSIG
+	rr.Hdr.Name = h0.Name
+	rr.Hdr.Class = h0.Class
+	if rr.OrigTtl == 0 { // If set don't override
+		rr.OrigTtl = h0.Ttl
+	}
+	rr.TypeCovered = h0.Rrtype
+	rr.Labels = uint8(CountLabel(h0.Name))
+
+	if strings.HasPrefix(h0.Name, "*") {
+		rr.Labels-- // wildcard, remove from label count
+	}
+
+	sigwire := new(rrsigWireFmt)
+	sigwire.TypeCovered = rr.TypeCovered
+	sigwire.Algorithm = rr.Algorithm
+	sigwire.Labels = rr.Labels
+	sigwire.OrigTtl = rr.OrigTtl
+	sigwire.Expiration = rr.Expiration
+	sigwire.Inception = rr.Inception
+	sigwire.KeyTag = rr.KeyTag
+	// For signing, lowercase this name
+	sigwire.SignerName = CanonicalName(rr.SignerName)
+
+	// Create the desired binary blob
+	signdata := make([]byte, DefaultMsgSize)
+	n, err := packSigWire(sigwire, signdata)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	signdata = signdata[:n]
+	wire, err := rawSignatureData(rrset, rr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	h, cryptohash, err := hashFromAlgorithm(rr.Algorithm)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	switch rr.Algorithm {
+	case RSAMD5, DSA, DSANSEC3SHA1:
+		// See RFC 6944.
+		return ErrAlg
+	default:
+		h.Write(signdata)
+		h.Write(wire)
+
+		signature, err := sign(k, h.Sum(nil), cryptohash, rr.Algorithm)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		rr.Signature = toBase64(signature)
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+func sign(k crypto.Signer, hashed []byte, hash crypto.Hash, alg uint8) ([]byte, error) {
+	signature, err := k.Sign(rand.Reader, hashed, hash)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	switch alg {
+	case RSASHA1, RSASHA1NSEC3SHA1, RSASHA256, RSASHA512, ED25519:
+		return signature, nil
+	case ECDSAP256SHA256, ECDSAP384SHA384:
+		ecdsaSignature := &struct {
+			R, S *big.Int
+		}{}
+		if _, err := asn1.Unmarshal(signature, ecdsaSignature); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		var intlen int
+		switch alg {
+		case ECDSAP256SHA256:
+			intlen = 32
+		case ECDSAP384SHA384:
+			intlen = 48
+		}
+
+		signature := intToBytes(ecdsaSignature.R, intlen)
+		signature = append(signature, intToBytes(ecdsaSignature.S, intlen)...)
+		return signature, nil
+	default:
+		return nil, ErrAlg
+	}
+}
+
+// Verify validates an RRSet with the signature and key. This is only the
+// cryptographic test, the signature validity period must be checked separately.
+// This function copies the rdata of some RRs (to lowercase domain names) for the validation to work.
+// It also checks that the Zone Key bit (RFC 4034 2.1.1) is set on the DNSKEY
+// and that the Protocol field is set to 3 (RFC 4034 2.1.2).
+func (rr *RRSIG) Verify(k *DNSKEY, rrset []RR) error {
+	// First the easy checks
+	if !IsRRset(rrset) {
+		return ErrRRset
+	}
+	if rr.KeyTag != k.KeyTag() {
+		return ErrKey
+	}
+	if rr.Hdr.Class != k.Hdr.Class {
+		return ErrKey
+	}
+	if rr.Algorithm != k.Algorithm {
+		return ErrKey
+	}
+	if !strings.EqualFold(rr.SignerName, k.Hdr.Name) {
+		return ErrKey
+	}
+	if k.Protocol != 3 {
+		return ErrKey
+	}
+	// RFC 4034 2.1.1 If bit 7 has value 0, then the DNSKEY record holds some
+	// other type of DNS public key and MUST NOT be used to verify RRSIGs that
+	// cover RRsets.
+	if k.Flags&ZONE == 0 {
+		return ErrKey
+	}
+
+	// IsRRset checked that we have at least one RR and that the RRs in
+	// the set have consistent type, class, and name. Also check that type and
+	// class matches the RRSIG record.
+	if h0 := rrset[0].Header(); h0.Class != rr.Hdr.Class || h0.Rrtype != rr.TypeCovered {
+		return ErrRRset
+	}
+
+	// RFC 4035 5.3.2.  Reconstructing the Signed Data
+	// Copy the sig, except the rrsig data
+	sigwire := new(rrsigWireFmt)
+	sigwire.TypeCovered = rr.TypeCovered
+	sigwire.Algorithm = rr.Algorithm
+	sigwire.Labels = rr.Labels
+	sigwire.OrigTtl = rr.OrigTtl
+	sigwire.Expiration = rr.Expiration
+	sigwire.Inception = rr.Inception
+	sigwire.KeyTag = rr.KeyTag
+	sigwire.SignerName = CanonicalName(rr.SignerName)
+	// Create the desired binary blob
+	signeddata := make([]byte, DefaultMsgSize)
+	n, err := packSigWire(sigwire, signeddata)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	signeddata = signeddata[:n]
+	wire, err := rawSignatureData(rrset, rr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	sigbuf := rr.sigBuf()           // Get the binary signature data
+	if rr.Algorithm == PRIVATEDNS { // PRIVATEOID
+		// TODO(miek)
+		// remove the domain name and assume its ours?
+	}
+
+	h, cryptohash, err := hashFromAlgorithm(rr.Algorithm)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	switch rr.Algorithm {
+	case RSASHA1, RSASHA1NSEC3SHA1, RSASHA256, RSASHA512:
+		// TODO(mg): this can be done quicker, ie. cache the pubkey data somewhere??
+		pubkey := k.publicKeyRSA() // Get the key
+		if pubkey == nil {
+			return ErrKey
+		}
+
+		h.Write(signeddata)
+		h.Write(wire)
+		return rsa.VerifyPKCS1v15(pubkey, cryptohash, h.Sum(nil), sigbuf)
+
+	case ECDSAP256SHA256, ECDSAP384SHA384:
+		pubkey := k.publicKeyECDSA()
+		if pubkey == nil {
+			return ErrKey
+		}
+
+		// Split sigbuf into the r and s coordinates
+		r := new(big.Int).SetBytes(sigbuf[:len(sigbuf)/2])
+		s := new(big.Int).SetBytes(sigbuf[len(sigbuf)/2:])
+
+		h.Write(signeddata)
+		h.Write(wire)
+		if ecdsa.Verify(pubkey, h.Sum(nil), r, s) {
+			return nil
+		}
+		return ErrSig
+
+	case ED25519:
+		pubkey := k.publicKeyED25519()
+		if pubkey == nil {
+			return ErrKey
+		}
+
+		if ed25519.Verify(pubkey, append(signeddata, wire...), sigbuf) {
+			return nil
+		}
+		return ErrSig
+
+	default:
+		return ErrAlg
+	}
+}
+
+// ValidityPeriod uses RFC1982 serial arithmetic to calculate
+// if a signature period is valid. If t is the zero time, the
+// current time is taken other t is. Returns true if the signature
+// is valid at the given time, otherwise returns false.
+func (rr *RRSIG) ValidityPeriod(t time.Time) bool {
+	var utc int64
+	if t.IsZero() {
+		utc = time.Now().UTC().Unix()
+	} else {
+		utc = t.UTC().Unix()
+	}
+	modi := (int64(rr.Inception) - utc) / year68
+	mode := (int64(rr.Expiration) - utc) / year68
+	ti := int64(rr.Inception) + modi*year68
+	te := int64(rr.Expiration) + mode*year68
+	return ti <= utc && utc <= te
+}
+
+// Return the signatures base64 encoding sigdata as a byte slice.
+func (rr *RRSIG) sigBuf() []byte {
+	sigbuf, err := fromBase64([]byte(rr.Signature))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return sigbuf
+}
+
+// publicKeyRSA returns the RSA public key from a DNSKEY record.
+func (k *DNSKEY) publicKeyRSA() *rsa.PublicKey {
+	keybuf, err := fromBase64([]byte(k.PublicKey))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if len(keybuf) < 1+1+64 {
+		// Exponent must be at least 1 byte and modulus at least 64
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// RFC 2537/3110, section 2. RSA Public KEY Resource Records
+	// Length is in the 0th byte, unless its zero, then it
+	// it in bytes 1 and 2 and its a 16 bit number
+	explen := uint16(keybuf[0])
+	keyoff := 1
+	if explen == 0 {
+		explen = uint16(keybuf[1])<<8 | uint16(keybuf[2])
+		keyoff = 3
+	}
+
+	if explen > 4 || explen == 0 || keybuf[keyoff] == 0 {
+		// Exponent larger than supported by the crypto package,
+		// empty, or contains prohibited leading zero.
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	modoff := keyoff + int(explen)
+	modlen := len(keybuf) - modoff
+	if modlen < 64 || modlen > 512 || keybuf[modoff] == 0 {
+		// Modulus is too small, large, or contains prohibited leading zero.
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	pubkey := new(rsa.PublicKey)
+
+	var expo uint64
+	// The exponent of length explen is between keyoff and modoff.
+	for _, v := range keybuf[keyoff:modoff] {
+		expo <<= 8
+		expo |= uint64(v)
+	}
+	if expo > 1<<31-1 {
+		// Larger exponent than supported by the crypto package.
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	pubkey.E = int(expo)
+	pubkey.N = new(big.Int).SetBytes(keybuf[modoff:])
+	return pubkey
+}
+
+// publicKeyECDSA returns the Curve public key from the DNSKEY record.
+func (k *DNSKEY) publicKeyECDSA() *ecdsa.PublicKey {
+	keybuf, err := fromBase64([]byte(k.PublicKey))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	pubkey := new(ecdsa.PublicKey)
+	switch k.Algorithm {
+	case ECDSAP256SHA256:
+		pubkey.Curve = elliptic.P256()
+		if len(keybuf) != 64 {
+			// wrongly encoded key
+			return nil
+		}
+	case ECDSAP384SHA384:
+		pubkey.Curve = elliptic.P384()
+		if len(keybuf) != 96 {
+			// Wrongly encoded key
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+	pubkey.X = new(big.Int).SetBytes(keybuf[:len(keybuf)/2])
+	pubkey.Y = new(big.Int).SetBytes(keybuf[len(keybuf)/2:])
+	return pubkey
+}
+
+func (k *DNSKEY) publicKeyED25519() ed25519.PublicKey {
+	keybuf, err := fromBase64([]byte(k.PublicKey))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if len(keybuf) != ed25519.PublicKeySize {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return keybuf
+}
+
+type wireSlice [][]byte
+
+func (p wireSlice) Len() int      { return len(p) }
+func (p wireSlice) Swap(i, j int) { p[i], p[j] = p[j], p[i] }
+func (p wireSlice) Less(i, j int) bool {
+	_, ioff, _ := UnpackDomainName(p[i], 0)
+	_, joff, _ := UnpackDomainName(p[j], 0)
+	return bytes.Compare(p[i][ioff+10:], p[j][joff+10:]) < 0
+}
+
+// Return the raw signature data.
+func rawSignatureData(rrset []RR, s *RRSIG) (buf []byte, err error) {
+	wires := make(wireSlice, len(rrset))
+	for i, r := range rrset {
+		r1 := r.copy()
+		h := r1.Header()
+		h.Ttl = s.OrigTtl
+		labels := SplitDomainName(h.Name)
+		// 6.2. Canonical RR Form. (4) - wildcards
+		if len(labels) > int(s.Labels) {
+			// Wildcard
+			h.Name = "*." + strings.Join(labels[len(labels)-int(s.Labels):], ".") + "."
+		}
+		// RFC 4034: 6.2.  Canonical RR Form. (2) - domain name to lowercase
+		h.Name = CanonicalName(h.Name)
+		// 6.2. Canonical RR Form. (3) - domain rdata to lowercase.
+		//   NS, MD, MF, CNAME, SOA, MB, MG, MR, PTR,
+		//   HINFO, MINFO, MX, RP, AFSDB, RT, SIG, PX, NXT, NAPTR, KX,
+		//   SRV, DNAME, A6
+		//
+		// RFC 6840 - Clarifications and Implementation Notes for DNS Security (DNSSEC):
+		//	Section 6.2 of [RFC4034] also erroneously lists HINFO as a record
+		//	that needs conversion to lowercase, and twice at that.  Since HINFO
+		//	records contain no domain names, they are not subject to case
+		//	conversion.
+		switch x := r1.(type) {
+		case *NS:
+			x.Ns = CanonicalName(x.Ns)
+		case *MD:
+			x.Md = CanonicalName(x.Md)
+		case *MF:
+			x.Mf = CanonicalName(x.Mf)
+		case *CNAME:
+			x.Target = CanonicalName(x.Target)
+		case *SOA:
+			x.Ns = CanonicalName(x.Ns)
+			x.Mbox = CanonicalName(x.Mbox)
+		case *MB:
+			x.Mb = CanonicalName(x.Mb)
+		case *MG:
+			x.Mg = CanonicalName(x.Mg)
+		case *MR:
+			x.Mr = CanonicalName(x.Mr)
+		case *PTR:
+			x.Ptr = CanonicalName(x.Ptr)
+		case *MINFO:
+			x.Rmail = CanonicalName(x.Rmail)
+			x.Email = CanonicalName(x.Email)
+		case *MX:
+			x.Mx = CanonicalName(x.Mx)
+		case *RP:
+			x.Mbox = CanonicalName(x.Mbox)
+			x.Txt = CanonicalName(x.Txt)
+		case *AFSDB:
+			x.Hostname = CanonicalName(x.Hostname)
+		case *RT:
+			x.Host = CanonicalName(x.Host)
+		case *SIG:
+			x.SignerName = CanonicalName(x.SignerName)
+		case *PX:
+			x.Map822 = CanonicalName(x.Map822)
+			x.Mapx400 = CanonicalName(x.Mapx400)
+		case *NAPTR:
+			x.Replacement = CanonicalName(x.Replacement)
+		case *KX:
+			x.Exchanger = CanonicalName(x.Exchanger)
+		case *SRV:
+			x.Target = CanonicalName(x.Target)
+		case *DNAME:
+			x.Target = CanonicalName(x.Target)
+		}
+		// 6.2. Canonical RR Form. (5) - origTTL
+		wire := make([]byte, Len(r1)+1) // +1 to be safe(r)
+		off, err1 := PackRR(r1, wire, 0, nil, false)
+		if err1 != nil {
+			return nil, err1
+		}
+		wire = wire[:off]
+		wires[i] = wire
+	}
+	sort.Sort(wires)
+	for i, wire := range wires {
+		if i > 0 && bytes.Equal(wire, wires[i-1]) {
+			continue
+		}
+		buf = append(buf, wire...)
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+func packSigWire(sw *rrsigWireFmt, msg []byte) (int, error) {
+	// copied from zmsg.go RRSIG packing
+	off, err := packUint16(sw.TypeCovered, msg, 0)
+	if err != nil {
+		return off, err
+	}
+	off, err = packUint8(sw.Algorithm, msg, off)
+	if err != nil {
+		return off, err
+	}
+	off, err = packUint8(sw.Labels, msg, off)
+	if err != nil {
+		return off, err
+	}
+	off, err = packUint32(sw.OrigTtl, msg, off)
+	if err != nil {
+		return off, err
+	}
+	off, err = packUint32(sw.Expiration, msg, off)
+	if err != nil {
+		return off, err
+	}
+	off, err = packUint32(sw.Inception, msg, off)
+	if err != nil {
+		return off, err
+	}
+	off, err = packUint16(sw.KeyTag, msg, off)
+	if err != nil {
+		return off, err
+	}
+	off, err = PackDomainName(sw.SignerName, msg, off, nil, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		return off, err
+	}
+	return off, nil
+}
+
+func packKeyWire(dw *dnskeyWireFmt, msg []byte) (int, error) {
+	// copied from zmsg.go DNSKEY packing
+	off, err := packUint16(dw.Flags, msg, 0)
+	if err != nil {
+		return off, err
+	}
+	off, err = packUint8(dw.Protocol, msg, off)
+	if err != nil {
+		return off, err
+	}
+	off, err = packUint8(dw.Algorithm, msg, off)
+	if err != nil {
+		return off, err
+	}
+	off, err = packStringBase64(dw.PublicKey, msg, off)
+	if err != nil {
+		return off, err
+	}
+	return off, nil
+}

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/dnssec_keygen.go

+package dns
+
+import (
+	"crypto"
+	"crypto/ecdsa"
+	"crypto/ed25519"
+	"crypto/elliptic"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/rsa"
+	"math/big"
+)
+
+// Generate generates a DNSKEY of the given bit size.
+// The public part is put inside the DNSKEY record.
+// The Algorithm in the key must be set as this will define
+// what kind of DNSKEY will be generated.
+// The ECDSA algorithms imply a fixed keysize, in that case
+// bits should be set to the size of the algorithm.
+func (k *DNSKEY) Generate(bits int) (crypto.PrivateKey, error) {
+	switch k.Algorithm {
+	case RSASHA1, RSASHA256, RSASHA1NSEC3SHA1:
+		if bits < 512 || bits > 4096 {
+			return nil, ErrKeySize
+		}
+	case RSASHA512:
+		if bits < 1024 || bits > 4096 {
+			return nil, ErrKeySize
+		}
+	case ECDSAP256SHA256:
+		if bits != 256 {
+			return nil, ErrKeySize
+		}
+	case ECDSAP384SHA384:
+		if bits != 384 {
+			return nil, ErrKeySize
+		}
+	case ED25519:
+		if bits != 256 {
+			return nil, ErrKeySize
+		}
+	default:
+		return nil, ErrAlg
+	}
+
+	switch k.Algorithm {
+	case RSASHA1, RSASHA256, RSASHA512, RSASHA1NSEC3SHA1:
+		priv, err := rsa.GenerateKey(rand.Reader, bits)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		k.setPublicKeyRSA(priv.PublicKey.E, priv.PublicKey.N)
+		return priv, nil
+	case ECDSAP256SHA256, ECDSAP384SHA384:
+		var c elliptic.Curve
+		switch k.Algorithm {
+		case ECDSAP256SHA256:
+			c = elliptic.P256()
+		case ECDSAP384SHA384:
+			c = elliptic.P384()
+		}
+		priv, err := ecdsa.GenerateKey(c, rand.Reader)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		k.setPublicKeyECDSA(priv.PublicKey.X, priv.PublicKey.Y)
+		return priv, nil
+	case ED25519:
+		pub, priv, err := ed25519.GenerateKey(rand.Reader)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		k.setPublicKeyED25519(pub)
+		return priv, nil
+	default:
+		return nil, ErrAlg
+	}
+}
+
+// Set the public key (the value E and N)
+func (k *DNSKEY) setPublicKeyRSA(_E int, _N *big.Int) bool {
+	if _E == 0 || _N == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	buf := exponentToBuf(_E)
+	buf = append(buf, _N.Bytes()...)
+	k.PublicKey = toBase64(buf)
+	return true
+}
+
+// Set the public key for Elliptic Curves
+func (k *DNSKEY) setPublicKeyECDSA(_X, _Y *big.Int) bool {
+	if _X == nil || _Y == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	var intlen int
+	switch k.Algorithm {
+	case ECDSAP256SHA256:
+		intlen = 32
+	case ECDSAP384SHA384:
+		intlen = 48
+	}
+	k.PublicKey = toBase64(curveToBuf(_X, _Y, intlen))
+	return true
+}
+
+// Set the public key for Ed25519
+func (k *DNSKEY) setPublicKeyED25519(_K ed25519.PublicKey) bool {
+	if _K == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	k.PublicKey = toBase64(_K)
+	return true
+}
+
+// Set the public key (the values E and N) for RSA
+// RFC 3110: Section 2. RSA Public KEY Resource Records
+func exponentToBuf(_E int) []byte {
+	var buf []byte
+	i := big.NewInt(int64(_E)).Bytes()
+	if len(i) < 256 {
+		buf = make([]byte, 1, 1+len(i))
+		buf[0] = uint8(len(i))
+	} else {
+		buf = make([]byte, 3, 3+len(i))
+		buf[0] = 0
+		buf[1] = uint8(len(i) >> 8)
+		buf[2] = uint8(len(i))
+	}
+	buf = append(buf, i...)
+	return buf
+}
+
+// Set the public key for X and Y for Curve. The two
+// values are just concatenated.
+func curveToBuf(_X, _Y *big.Int, intlen int) []byte {
+	buf := intToBytes(_X, intlen)
+	buf = append(buf, intToBytes(_Y, intlen)...)
+	return buf
+}

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/dnssec_keyscan.go

+package dns
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"crypto"
+	"crypto/ecdsa"
+	"crypto/ed25519"
+	"crypto/rsa"
+	"io"
+	"math/big"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// NewPrivateKey returns a PrivateKey by parsing the string s.
+// s should be in the same form of the BIND private key files.
+func (k *DNSKEY) NewPrivateKey(s string) (crypto.PrivateKey, error) {
+	if s == "" || s[len(s)-1] != '\n' { // We need a closing newline
+		return k.ReadPrivateKey(strings.NewReader(s+"\n"), "")
+	}
+	return k.ReadPrivateKey(strings.NewReader(s), "")
+}
+
+// ReadPrivateKey reads a private key from the io.Reader q. The string file is
+// only used in error reporting.
+// The public key must be known, because some cryptographic algorithms embed
+// the public inside the privatekey.
+func (k *DNSKEY) ReadPrivateKey(q io.Reader, file string) (crypto.PrivateKey, error) {
+	m, err := parseKey(q, file)
+	if m == nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if _, ok := m["private-key-format"]; !ok {
+		return nil, ErrPrivKey
+	}
+	if m["private-key-format"] != "v1.2" && m["private-key-format"] != "v1.3" {
+		return nil, ErrPrivKey
+	}
+	// TODO(mg): check if the pubkey matches the private key
+	algo, err := strconv.ParseUint(strings.SplitN(m["algorithm"], " ", 2)[0], 10, 8)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, ErrPrivKey
+	}
+	switch uint8(algo) {
+	case RSASHA1, RSASHA1NSEC3SHA1, RSASHA256, RSASHA512:
+		priv, err := readPrivateKeyRSA(m)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		pub := k.publicKeyRSA()
+		if pub == nil {
+			return nil, ErrKey
+		}
+		priv.PublicKey = *pub
+		return priv, nil
+	case ECDSAP256SHA256, ECDSAP384SHA384:
+		priv, err := readPrivateKeyECDSA(m)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		pub := k.publicKeyECDSA()
+		if pub == nil {
+			return nil, ErrKey
+		}
+		priv.PublicKey = *pub
+		return priv, nil
+	case ED25519:
+		return readPrivateKeyED25519(m)
+	default:
+		return nil, ErrAlg
+	}
+}
+
+// Read a private key (file) string and create a public key. Return the private key.
+func readPrivateKeyRSA(m map[string]string) (*rsa.PrivateKey, error) {
+	p := new(rsa.PrivateKey)
+	p.Primes = []*big.Int{nil, nil}
+	for k, v := range m {
+		switch k {
+		case "modulus", "publicexponent", "privateexponent", "prime1", "prime2":
+			v1, err := fromBase64([]byte(v))
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			switch k {
+			case "modulus":
+				p.PublicKey.N = new(big.Int).SetBytes(v1)
+			case "publicexponent":
+				i := new(big.Int).SetBytes(v1)
+				p.PublicKey.E = int(i.Int64()) // int64 should be large enough
+			case "privateexponent":
+				p.D = new(big.Int).SetBytes(v1)
+			case "prime1":
+				p.Primes[0] = new(big.Int).SetBytes(v1)
+			case "prime2":
+				p.Primes[1] = new(big.Int).SetBytes(v1)
+			}
+		case "exponent1", "exponent2", "coefficient":
+			// not used in Go (yet)
+		case "created", "publish", "activate":
+			// not used in Go (yet)
+		}
+	}
+	return p, nil
+}
+
+func readPrivateKeyECDSA(m map[string]string) (*ecdsa.PrivateKey, error) {
+	p := new(ecdsa.PrivateKey)
+	p.D = new(big.Int)
+	// TODO: validate that the required flags are present
+	for k, v := range m {
+		switch k {
+		case "privatekey":
+			v1, err := fromBase64([]byte(v))
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			p.D.SetBytes(v1)
+		case "created", "publish", "activate":
+			/* not used in Go (yet) */
+		}
+	}
+	return p, nil
+}
+
+func readPrivateKeyED25519(m map[string]string) (ed25519.PrivateKey, error) {
+	var p ed25519.PrivateKey
+	// TODO: validate that the required flags are present
+	for k, v := range m {
+		switch k {
+		case "privatekey":
+			p1, err := fromBase64([]byte(v))
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			if len(p1) != ed25519.SeedSize {
+				return nil, ErrPrivKey
+			}
+			p = ed25519.NewKeyFromSeed(p1)
+		case "created", "publish", "activate":
+			/* not used in Go (yet) */
+		}
+	}
+	return p, nil
+}
+
+// parseKey reads a private key from r. It returns a map[string]string,
+// with the key-value pairs, or an error when the file is not correct.
+func parseKey(r io.Reader, file string) (map[string]string, error) {
+	m := make(map[string]string)
+	var k string
+
+	c := newKLexer(r)
+
+	for l, ok := c.Next(); ok; l, ok = c.Next() {
+		// It should alternate
+		switch l.value {
+		case zKey:
+			k = l.token
+		case zValue:
+			if k == "" {
+				return nil, &ParseError{file, "no private key seen", l}
+			}
+
+			m[strings.ToLower(k)] = l.token
+			k = ""
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Surface any read errors from r.
+	if err := c.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, &ParseError{file: file, err: err.Error()}
+	}
+
+	return m, nil
+}
+
+type klexer struct {
+	br io.ByteReader
+
+	readErr error
+
+	line   int
+	column int
+
+	key bool
+
+	eol bool // end-of-line
+}
+
+func newKLexer(r io.Reader) *klexer {
+	br, ok := r.(io.ByteReader)
+	if !ok {
+		br = bufio.NewReaderSize(r, 1024)
+	}
+
+	return &klexer{
+		br: br,
+
+		line: 1,
+
+		key: true,
+	}
+}
+
+func (kl *klexer) Err() error {
+	if kl.readErr == io.EOF {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return kl.readErr
+}
+
+// readByte returns the next byte from the input
+func (kl *klexer) readByte() (byte, bool) {
+	if kl.readErr != nil {
+		return 0, false
+	}
+
+	c, err := kl.br.ReadByte()
+	if err != nil {
+		kl.readErr = err
+		return 0, false
+	}
+
+	// delay the newline handling until the next token is delivered,
+	// fixes off-by-one errors when reporting a parse error.
+	if kl.eol {
+		kl.line++
+		kl.column = 0
+		kl.eol = false
+	}
+
+	if c == '\n' {
+		kl.eol = true
+	} else {
+		kl.column++
+	}
+
+	return c, true
+}
+
+func (kl *klexer) Next() (lex, bool) {
+	var (
+		l lex
+
+		str strings.Builder
+
+		commt bool
+	)
+
+	for x, ok := kl.readByte(); ok; x, ok = kl.readByte() {
+		l.line, l.column = kl.line, kl.column
+
+		switch x {
+		case ':':
+			if commt || !kl.key {
+				break
+			}
+
+			kl.key = false
+
+			// Next token is a space, eat it
+			kl.readByte()
+
+			l.value = zKey
+			l.token = str.String()
+			return l, true
+		case ';':
+			commt = true
+		case '\n':
+			if commt {
+				// Reset a comment
+				commt = false
+			}
+
+			if kl.key && str.Len() == 0 {
+				// ignore empty lines
+				break
+			}
+
+			kl.key = true
+
+			l.value = zValue
+			l.token = str.String()
+			return l, true
+		default:
+			if commt {
+				break
+			}
+
+			str.WriteByte(x)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if kl.readErr != nil && kl.readErr != io.EOF {
+		// Don't return any tokens after a read error occurs.
+		return lex{value: zEOF}, false
+	}
+
+	if str.Len() > 0 {
+		// Send remainder
+		l.value = zValue
+		l.token = str.String()
+		return l, true
+	}
+
+	return lex{value: zEOF}, false
+}

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/dnssec_privkey.go

+package dns
+
+import (
+	"crypto"
+	"crypto/ecdsa"
+	"crypto/ed25519"
+	"crypto/rsa"
+	"math/big"
+	"strconv"
+)
+
+const format = "Private-key-format: v1.3\n"
+
+var bigIntOne = big.NewInt(1)
+
+// PrivateKeyString converts a PrivateKey to a string. This string has the same
+// format as the private-key-file of BIND9 (Private-key-format: v1.3).
+// It needs some info from the key (the algorithm), so its a method of the DNSKEY.
+// It supports *rsa.PrivateKey, *ecdsa.PrivateKey and ed25519.PrivateKey.
+func (r *DNSKEY) PrivateKeyString(p crypto.PrivateKey) string {
+	algorithm := strconv.Itoa(int(r.Algorithm))
+	algorithm += " (" + AlgorithmToString[r.Algorithm] + ")"
+
+	switch p := p.(type) {
+	case *rsa.PrivateKey:
+		modulus := toBase64(p.PublicKey.N.Bytes())
+		e := big.NewInt(int64(p.PublicKey.E))
+		publicExponent := toBase64(e.Bytes())
+		privateExponent := toBase64(p.D.Bytes())
+		prime1 := toBase64(p.Primes[0].Bytes())
+		prime2 := toBase64(p.Primes[1].Bytes())
+		// Calculate Exponent1/2 and Coefficient as per: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA#Using_the_Chinese_remainder_algorithm
+		// and from: http://code.google.com/p/go/issues/detail?id=987
+		p1 := new(big.Int).Sub(p.Primes[0], bigIntOne)
+		q1 := new(big.Int).Sub(p.Primes[1], bigIntOne)
+		exp1 := new(big.Int).Mod(p.D, p1)
+		exp2 := new(big.Int).Mod(p.D, q1)
+		coeff := new(big.Int).ModInverse(p.Primes[1], p.Primes[0])
+
+		exponent1 := toBase64(exp1.Bytes())
+		exponent2 := toBase64(exp2.Bytes())
+		coefficient := toBase64(coeff.Bytes())
+
+		return format +
+			"Algorithm: " + algorithm + "\n" +
+			"Modulus: " + modulus + "\n" +
+			"PublicExponent: " + publicExponent + "\n" +
+			"PrivateExponent: " + privateExponent + "\n" +
+			"Prime1: " + prime1 + "\n" +
+			"Prime2: " + prime2 + "\n" +
+			"Exponent1: " + exponent1 + "\n" +
+			"Exponent2: " + exponent2 + "\n" +
+			"Coefficient: " + coefficient + "\n"
+
+	case *ecdsa.PrivateKey:
+		var intlen int
+		switch r.Algorithm {
+		case ECDSAP256SHA256:
+			intlen = 32
+		case ECDSAP384SHA384:
+			intlen = 48
+		}
+		private := toBase64(intToBytes(p.D, intlen))
+		return format +
+			"Algorithm: " + algorithm + "\n" +
+			"PrivateKey: " + private + "\n"
+
+	case ed25519.PrivateKey:
+		private := toBase64(p.Seed())
+		return format +
+			"Algorithm: " + algorithm + "\n" +
+			"PrivateKey: " + private + "\n"
+
+	default:
+		return ""
+	}
+}

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/doc.go

+/*
+Package dns implements a full featured interface to the Domain Name System.
+Both server- and client-side programming is supported. The package allows
+complete control over what is sent out to the DNS. The API follows the
+less-is-more principle, by presenting a small, clean interface.
+
+It supports (asynchronous) querying/replying, incoming/outgoing zone transfers,
+TSIG, EDNS0, dynamic updates, notifies and DNSSEC validation/signing.
+
+Note that domain names MUST be fully qualified before sending them, unqualified
+names in a message will result in a packing failure.
+
+Resource records are native types. They are not stored in wire format. Basic
+usage pattern for creating a new resource record:
+
+     r := new(dns.MX)
+     r.Hdr = dns.RR_Header{Name: "miek.nl.", Rrtype: dns.TypeMX, Class: dns.ClassINET, Ttl: 3600}
+     r.Preference = 10
+     r.Mx = "mx.miek.nl."
+
+Or directly from a string:
+
+     mx, err := dns.NewRR("miek.nl. 3600 IN MX 10 mx.miek.nl.")
+
+Or when the default origin (.) and TTL (3600) and class (IN) suit you:
+
+     mx, err := dns.NewRR("miek.nl MX 10 mx.miek.nl")
+
+Or even:
+
+     mx, err := dns.NewRR("$ORIGIN nl.\nmiek 1H IN MX 10 mx.miek")
+
+In the DNS messages are exchanged, these messages contain resource records
+(sets). Use pattern for creating a message:
+
+     m := new(dns.Msg)
+     m.SetQuestion("miek.nl.", dns.TypeMX)
+
+Or when not certain if the domain name is fully qualified:
+
+	m.SetQuestion(dns.Fqdn("miek.nl"), dns.TypeMX)
+
+The message m is now a message with the question section set to ask the MX
+records for the miek.nl. zone.
+
+The following is slightly more verbose, but more flexible:
+
+     m1 := new(dns.Msg)
+     m1.Id = dns.Id()
+     m1.RecursionDesired = true
+     m1.Question = make([]dns.Question, 1)
+     m1.Question[0] = dns.Question{"miek.nl.", dns.TypeMX, dns.ClassINET}
+
+After creating a message it can be sent. Basic use pattern for synchronous
+querying the DNS at a server configured on 127.0.0.1 and port 53:
+
+     c := new(dns.Client)
+     in, rtt, err := c.Exchange(m1, "127.0.0.1:53")
+
+Suppressing multiple outstanding queries (with the same question, type and
+class) is as easy as setting:
+
+	c.SingleInflight = true
+
+More advanced options are available using a net.Dialer and the corresponding API.
+For example it is possible to set a timeout, or to specify a source IP address
+and port to use for the connection:
+
+	c := new(dns.Client)
+	laddr := net.UDPAddr{
+		IP: net.ParseIP("[::1]"),
+		Port: 12345,
+		Zone: "",
+	}
+	c.Dialer := &net.Dialer{
+		Timeout: 200 * time.Millisecond,
+		LocalAddr: &laddr,
+	}
+	in, rtt, err := c.Exchange(m1, "8.8.8.8:53")
+
+If these "advanced" features are not needed, a simple UDP query can be sent,
+with:
+
+	in, err := dns.Exchange(m1, "127.0.0.1:53")
+
+When this functions returns you will get DNS message. A DNS message consists
+out of four sections.
+The question section: in.Question, the answer section: in.Answer,
+the authority section: in.Ns and the additional section: in.Extra.
+
+Each of these sections (except the Question section) contain a []RR. Basic
+use pattern for accessing the rdata of a TXT RR as the first RR in
+the Answer section:
+
+	if t, ok := in.Answer[0].(*dns.TXT); ok {
+		// do something with t.Txt
+	}
+
+Domain Name and TXT Character String Representations
+
+Both domain names and TXT character strings are converted to presentation form
+both when unpacked and when converted to strings.
+
+For TXT character strings, tabs, carriage returns and line feeds will be
+converted to \t, \r and \n respectively. Back slashes and quotations marks will
+be escaped. Bytes below 32 and above 127 will be converted to \DDD form.
+
+For domain names, in addition to the above rules brackets, periods, spaces,
+semicolons and the at symbol are escaped.
+
+DNSSEC
+
+DNSSEC (DNS Security Extension) adds a layer of security to the DNS. It uses
+public key cryptography to sign resource records. The public keys are stored in
+DNSKEY records and the signatures in RRSIG records.
+
+Requesting DNSSEC information for a zone is done by adding the DO (DNSSEC OK)
+bit to a request.
+
+     m := new(dns.Msg)
+     m.SetEdns0(4096, true)
+
+Signature generation, signature verification and key generation are all supported.
+
+DYNAMIC UPDATES
+
+Dynamic updates reuses the DNS message format, but renames three of the
+sections. Question is Zone, Answer is Prerequisite, Authority is Update, only
+the Additional is not renamed. See RFC 2136 for the gory details.
+
+You can set a rather complex set of rules for the existence of absence of
+certain resource records or names in a zone to specify if resource records
+should be added or removed. The table from RFC 2136 supplemented with the Go
+DNS function shows which functions exist to specify the prerequisites.
+
+ 3.2.4 - Table Of Metavalues Used In Prerequisite Section
+
+  CLASS    TYPE     RDATA    Meaning                    Function
+  --------------------------------------------------------------
+  ANY      ANY      empty    Name is in use             dns.NameUsed
+  ANY      rrset    empty    RRset exists (value indep) dns.RRsetUsed
+  NONE     ANY      empty    Name is not in use         dns.NameNotUsed
+  NONE     rrset    empty    RRset does not exist       dns.RRsetNotUsed
+  zone     rrset    rr       RRset exists (value dep)   dns.Used
+
+The prerequisite section can also be left empty. If you have decided on the
+prerequisites you can tell what RRs should be added or deleted. The next table
+shows the options you have and what functions to call.
+
+ 3.4.2.6 - Table Of Metavalues Used In Update Section
+
+  CLASS    TYPE     RDATA    Meaning                     Function
+  ---------------------------------------------------------------
+  ANY      ANY      empty    Delete all RRsets from name dns.RemoveName
+  ANY      rrset    empty    Delete an RRset             dns.RemoveRRset
+  NONE     rrset    rr       Delete an RR from RRset     dns.Remove
+  zone     rrset    rr       Add to an RRset             dns.Insert
+
+TRANSACTION SIGNATURE
+
+An TSIG or transaction signature adds a HMAC TSIG record to each message sent.
+The supported algorithms include: HmacSHA1, HmacSHA256 and HmacSHA512.
+
+Basic use pattern when querying with a TSIG name "axfr." (note that these key names
+must be fully qualified - as they are domain names) and the base64 secret
+"so6ZGir4GPAqINNh9U5c3A==":
+
+If an incoming message contains a TSIG record it MUST be the last record in
+the additional section (RFC2845 3.2).  This means that you should make the
+call to SetTsig last, right before executing the query.  If you make any
+changes to the RRset after calling SetTsig() the signature will be incorrect.
+
+	c := new(dns.Client)
+	c.TsigSecret = map[string]string{"axfr.": "so6ZGir4GPAqINNh9U5c3A=="}
+	m := new(dns.Msg)
+	m.SetQuestion("miek.nl.", dns.TypeMX)
+	m.SetTsig("axfr.", dns.HmacSHA256, 300, time.Now().Unix())
+	...
+	// When sending the TSIG RR is calculated and filled in before sending
+
+When requesting an zone transfer (almost all TSIG usage is when requesting zone
+transfers), with TSIG, this is the basic use pattern. In this example we
+request an AXFR for miek.nl. with TSIG key named "axfr." and secret
+"so6ZGir4GPAqINNh9U5c3A==" and using the server 176.58.119.54:
+
+	t := new(dns.Transfer)
+	m := new(dns.Msg)
+	t.TsigSecret = map[string]string{"axfr.": "so6ZGir4GPAqINNh9U5c3A=="}
+	m.SetAxfr("miek.nl.")
+	m.SetTsig("axfr.", dns.HmacSHA256, 300, time.Now().Unix())
+	c, err := t.In(m, "176.58.119.54:53")
+	for r := range c { ... }
+
+You can now read the records from the transfer as they come in. Each envelope
+is checked with TSIG. If something is not correct an error is returned.
+
+A custom TSIG implementation can be used. This requires additional code to
+perform any session establishment and signature generation/verification. The
+client must be configured with an implementation of the TsigProvider interface:
+
+	type Provider struct{}
+
+	func (*Provider) Generate(msg []byte, tsig *dns.TSIG) ([]byte, error) {
+		// Use tsig.Hdr.Name and tsig.Algorithm in your code to
+		// generate the MAC using msg as the payload.
+	}
+
+	func (*Provider) Verify(msg []byte, tsig *dns.TSIG) error {
+		// Use tsig.Hdr.Name and tsig.Algorithm in your code to verify
+		// that msg matches the value in tsig.MAC.
+	}
+
+	c := new(dns.Client)
+	c.TsigProvider = new(Provider)
+	m := new(dns.Msg)
+	m.SetQuestion("miek.nl.", dns.TypeMX)
+	m.SetTsig(keyname, dns.HmacSHA256, 300, time.Now().Unix())
+	...
+	// TSIG RR is calculated by calling your Generate method
+
+Basic use pattern validating and replying to a message that has TSIG set.
+
+	server := &dns.Server{Addr: ":53", Net: "udp"}
+	server.TsigSecret = map[string]string{"axfr.": "so6ZGir4GPAqINNh9U5c3A=="}
+	go server.ListenAndServe()
+	dns.HandleFunc(".", handleRequest)
+
+	func handleRequest(w dns.ResponseWriter, r *dns.Msg) {
+		m := new(dns.Msg)
+		m.SetReply(r)
+		if r.IsTsig() != nil {
+			if w.TsigStatus() == nil {
+				// *Msg r has an TSIG record and it was validated
+				m.SetTsig("axfr.", dns.HmacSHA256, 300, time.Now().Unix())
+			} else {
+				// *Msg r has an TSIG records and it was not validated
+			}
+		}
+		w.WriteMsg(m)
+	}
+
+PRIVATE RRS
+
+RFC 6895 sets aside a range of type codes for private use. This range is 65,280
+- 65,534 (0xFF00 - 0xFFFE). When experimenting with new Resource Records these
+can be used, before requesting an official type code from IANA.
+
+See https://miek.nl/2014/september/21/idn-and-private-rr-in-go-dns/ for more
+information.
+
+EDNS0
+
+EDNS0 is an extension mechanism for the DNS defined in RFC 2671 and updated by
+RFC 6891. It defines a new RR type, the OPT RR, which is then completely
+abused.
+
+Basic use pattern for creating an (empty) OPT RR:
+
+	o := new(dns.OPT)
+	o.Hdr.Name = "." // MUST be the root zone, per definition.
+	o.Hdr.Rrtype = dns.TypeOPT
+
+The rdata of an OPT RR consists out of a slice of EDNS0 (RFC 6891) interfaces.
+Currently only a few have been standardized: EDNS0_NSID (RFC 5001) and
+EDNS0_SUBNET (RFC 7871). Note that these options may be combined in an OPT RR.
+Basic use pattern for a server to check if (and which) options are set:
+
+	// o is a dns.OPT
+	for _, s := range o.Option {
+		switch e := s.(type) {
+		case *dns.EDNS0_NSID:
+			// do stuff with e.Nsid
+		case *dns.EDNS0_SUBNET:
+			// access e.Family, e.Address, etc.
+		}
+	}
+
+SIG(0)
+
+From RFC 2931:
+
+    SIG(0) provides protection for DNS transactions and requests ....
+    ... protection for glue records, DNS requests, protection for message headers
+    on requests and responses, and protection of the overall integrity of a response.
+
+It works like TSIG, except that SIG(0) uses public key cryptography, instead of
+the shared secret approach in TSIG. Supported algorithms: ECDSAP256SHA256,
+ECDSAP384SHA384, RSASHA1, RSASHA256 and RSASHA512.
+
+Signing subsequent messages in multi-message sessions is not implemented.
+*/
+package dns

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/duplicate.go

+package dns
+
+//go:generate go run duplicate_generate.go
+
+// IsDuplicate checks of r1 and r2 are duplicates of each other, excluding the TTL.
+// So this means the header data is equal *and* the RDATA is the same. Returns true
+// if so, otherwise false. It's a protocol violation to have identical RRs in a message.
+func IsDuplicate(r1, r2 RR) bool {
+	// Check whether the record header is identical.
+	if !r1.Header().isDuplicate(r2.Header()) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// Check whether the RDATA is identical.
+	return r1.isDuplicate(r2)
+}
+
+func (r1 *RR_Header) isDuplicate(_r2 RR) bool {
+	r2, ok := _r2.(*RR_Header)
+	if !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	if r1.Class != r2.Class {
+		return false
+	}
+	if r1.Rrtype != r2.Rrtype {
+		return false
+	}
+	if !isDuplicateName(r1.Name, r2.Name) {
+		return false
+	}
+	// ignore TTL
+	return true
+}
+
+// isDuplicateName checks if the domain names s1 and s2 are equal.
+func isDuplicateName(s1, s2 string) bool { return equal(s1, s2) }

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/edns.go

+package dns
+
+import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"strconv"
+)
+
+// EDNS0 Option codes.
+const (
+	EDNS0LLQ          = 0x1     // long lived queries: http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-sekar-dns-llq-01
+	EDNS0UL           = 0x2     // update lease draft: http://files.dns-sd.org/draft-sekar-dns-ul.txt
+	EDNS0NSID         = 0x3     // nsid (See RFC 5001)
+	EDNS0ESU          = 0x4     // ENUM Source-URI draft: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-kaplan-enum-source-uri-00
+	EDNS0DAU          = 0x5     // DNSSEC Algorithm Understood
+	EDNS0DHU          = 0x6     // DS Hash Understood
+	EDNS0N3U          = 0x7     // NSEC3 Hash Understood
+	EDNS0SUBNET       = 0x8     // client-subnet (See RFC 7871)
+	EDNS0EXPIRE       = 0x9     // EDNS0 expire
+	EDNS0COOKIE       = 0xa     // EDNS0 Cookie
+	EDNS0TCPKEEPALIVE = 0xb     // EDNS0 tcp keep alive (See RFC 7828)
+	EDNS0PADDING      = 0xc     // EDNS0 padding (See RFC 7830)
+	EDNS0EDE          = 0xf     // EDNS0 extended DNS errors (See RFC 8914)
+	EDNS0LOCALSTART   = 0xFDE9  // Beginning of range reserved for local/experimental use (See RFC 6891)
+	EDNS0LOCALEND     = 0xFFFE  // End of range reserved for local/experimental use (See RFC 6891)
+	_DO               = 1 << 15 // DNSSEC OK
+)
+
+// makeDataOpt is used to unpack the EDNS0 option(s) from a message.
+func makeDataOpt(code uint16) EDNS0 {
+	// All the EDNS0.* constants above need to be in this switch.
+	switch code {
+	case EDNS0LLQ:
+		return new(EDNS0_LLQ)
+	case EDNS0UL:
+		return new(EDNS0_UL)
+	case EDNS0NSID:
+		return new(EDNS0_NSID)
+	case EDNS0DAU:
+		return new(EDNS0_DAU)
+	case EDNS0DHU:
+		return new(EDNS0_DHU)
+	case EDNS0N3U:
+		return new(EDNS0_N3U)
+	case EDNS0SUBNET:
+		return new(EDNS0_SUBNET)
+	case EDNS0EXPIRE:
+		return new(EDNS0_EXPIRE)
+	case EDNS0COOKIE:
+		return new(EDNS0_COOKIE)
+	case EDNS0TCPKEEPALIVE:
+		return new(EDNS0_TCP_KEEPALIVE)
+	case EDNS0PADDING:
+		return new(EDNS0_PADDING)
+	case EDNS0EDE:
+		return new(EDNS0_EDE)
+	case EDNS0ESU:
+		return &EDNS0_ESU{Code: EDNS0ESU}
+	default:
+		e := new(EDNS0_LOCAL)
+		e.Code = code
+		return e
+	}
+}
+
+// OPT is the EDNS0 RR appended to messages to convey extra (meta) information.
+// See RFC 6891.
+type OPT struct {
+	Hdr    RR_Header
+	Option []EDNS0 `dns:"opt"`
+}
+
+func (rr *OPT) String() string {
+	s := "\n;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:\n; EDNS: version " + strconv.Itoa(int(rr.Version())) + "; "
+	if rr.Do() {
+		s += "flags: do; "
+	} else {
+		s += "flags: ; "
+	}
+	s += "udp: " + strconv.Itoa(int(rr.UDPSize()))
+
+	for _, o := range rr.Option {
+		switch o.(type) {
+		case *EDNS0_NSID:
+			s += "\n; NSID: " + o.String()
+			h, e := o.pack()
+			var r string
+			if e == nil {
+				for _, c := range h {
+					r += "(" + string(c) + ")"
+				}
+				s += "  " + r
+			}
+		case *EDNS0_SUBNET:
+			s += "\n; SUBNET: " + o.String()
+		case *EDNS0_COOKIE:
+			s += "\n; COOKIE: " + o.String()
+		case *EDNS0_TCP_KEEPALIVE:
+			s += "\n; KEEPALIVE: " + o.String()
+		case *EDNS0_UL:
+			s += "\n; UPDATE LEASE: " + o.String()
+		case *EDNS0_LLQ:
+			s += "\n; LONG LIVED QUERIES: " + o.String()
+		case *EDNS0_DAU:
+			s += "\n; DNSSEC ALGORITHM UNDERSTOOD: " + o.String()
+		case *EDNS0_DHU:
+			s += "\n; DS HASH UNDERSTOOD: " + o.String()
+		case *EDNS0_N3U:
+			s += "\n; NSEC3 HASH UNDERSTOOD: " + o.String()
+		case *EDNS0_LOCAL:
+			s += "\n; LOCAL OPT: " + o.String()
+		case *EDNS0_PADDING:
+			s += "\n; PADDING: " + o.String()
+		case *EDNS0_EDE:
+			s += "\n; EDE: " + o.String()
+		case *EDNS0_ESU:
+			s += "\n; ESU: " + o.String()
+		}
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
+func (rr *OPT) len(off int, compression map[string]struct{}) int {
+	l := rr.Hdr.len(off, compression)
+	for _, o := range rr.Option {
+		l += 4 // Account for 2-byte option code and 2-byte option length.
+		lo, _ := o.pack()
+		l += len(lo)
+	}
+	return l
+}
+
+func (*OPT) parse(c *zlexer, origin string) *ParseError {
+	return &ParseError{err: "OPT records do not have a presentation format"}
+}
+
+func (rr *OPT) isDuplicate(r2 RR) bool { return false }
+
+// return the old value -> delete SetVersion?
+
+// Version returns the EDNS version used. Only zero is defined.
+func (rr *OPT) Version() uint8 {
+	return uint8(rr.Hdr.Ttl & 0x00FF0000 >> 16)
+}
+
+// SetVersion sets the version of EDNS. This is usually zero.
+func (rr *OPT) SetVersion(v uint8) {
+	rr.Hdr.Ttl = rr.Hdr.Ttl&0xFF00FFFF | uint32(v)<<16
+}
+
+// ExtendedRcode returns the EDNS extended RCODE field (the upper 8 bits of the TTL).
+func (rr *OPT) ExtendedRcode() int {
+	return int(rr.Hdr.Ttl&0xFF000000>>24) << 4
+}
+
+// SetExtendedRcode sets the EDNS extended RCODE field.
+//
+// If the RCODE is not an extended RCODE, will reset the extended RCODE field to 0.
+func (rr *OPT) SetExtendedRcode(v uint16) {
+	rr.Hdr.Ttl = rr.Hdr.Ttl&0x00FFFFFF | uint32(v>>4)<<24
+}
+
+// UDPSize returns the UDP buffer size.
+func (rr *OPT) UDPSize() uint16 {
+	return rr.Hdr.Class
+}
+
+// SetUDPSize sets the UDP buffer size.
+func (rr *OPT) SetUDPSize(size uint16) {
+	rr.Hdr.Class = size
+}
+
+// Do returns the value of the DO (DNSSEC OK) bit.
+func (rr *OPT) Do() bool {
+	return rr.Hdr.Ttl&_DO == _DO
+}
+
+// SetDo sets the DO (DNSSEC OK) bit.
+// If we pass an argument, set the DO bit to that value.
+// It is possible to pass 2 or more arguments. Any arguments after the 1st is silently ignored.
+func (rr *OPT) SetDo(do ...bool) {
+	if len(do) == 1 {
+		if do[0] {
+			rr.Hdr.Ttl |= _DO
+		} else {
+			rr.Hdr.Ttl &^= _DO
+		}
+	} else {
+		rr.Hdr.Ttl |= _DO
+	}
+}
+
+// Z returns the Z part of the OPT RR as a uint16 with only the 15 least significant bits used.
+func (rr *OPT) Z() uint16 {
+	return uint16(rr.Hdr.Ttl & 0x7FFF)
+}
+
+// SetZ sets the Z part of the OPT RR, note only the 15 least significant bits of z are used.
+func (rr *OPT) SetZ(z uint16) {
+	rr.Hdr.Ttl = rr.Hdr.Ttl&^0x7FFF | uint32(z&0x7FFF)
+}
+
+// EDNS0 defines an EDNS0 Option. An OPT RR can have multiple options appended to it.
+type EDNS0 interface {
+	// Option returns the option code for the option.
+	Option() uint16
+	// pack returns the bytes of the option data.
+	pack() ([]byte, error)
+	// unpack sets the data as found in the buffer. Is also sets
+	// the length of the slice as the length of the option data.
+	unpack([]byte) error
+	// String returns the string representation of the option.
+	String() string
+	// copy returns a deep-copy of the option.
+	copy() EDNS0
+}
+
+// EDNS0_NSID option is used to retrieve a nameserver
+// identifier. When sending a request Nsid must be set to the empty string
+// The identifier is an opaque string encoded as hex.
+// Basic use pattern for creating an nsid option:
+//
+//	o := new(dns.OPT)
+//	o.Hdr.Name = "."
+//	o.Hdr.Rrtype = dns.TypeOPT
+//	e := new(dns.EDNS0_NSID)
+//	e.Code = dns.EDNS0NSID
+//	e.Nsid = "AA"
+//	o.Option = append(o.Option, e)
+type EDNS0_NSID struct {
+	Code uint16 // Always EDNS0NSID
+	Nsid string // This string needs to be hex encoded
+}
+
+func (e *EDNS0_NSID) pack() ([]byte, error) {
+	h, err := hex.DecodeString(e.Nsid)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return h, nil
+}
+
+// Option implements the EDNS0 interface.
+func (e *EDNS0_NSID) Option() uint16        { return EDNS0NSID } // Option returns the option code.
+func (e *EDNS0_NSID) unpack(b []byte) error { e.Nsid = hex.EncodeToString(b); return nil }
+func (e *EDNS0_NSID) String() string        { return e.Nsid }
+func (e *EDNS0_NSID) copy() EDNS0           { return &EDNS0_NSID{e.Code, e.Nsid} }
+
+// EDNS0_SUBNET is the subnet option that is used to give the remote nameserver
+// an idea of where the client lives. See RFC 7871. It can then give back a different
+// answer depending on the location or network topology.
+// Basic use pattern for creating an subnet option:
+//
+//	o := new(dns.OPT)
+//	o.Hdr.Name = "."
+//	o.Hdr.Rrtype = dns.TypeOPT
+//	e := new(dns.EDNS0_SUBNET)
+//	e.Code = dns.EDNS0SUBNET
+//	e.Family = 1	// 1 for IPv4 source address, 2 for IPv6
+//	e.SourceNetmask = 32	// 32 for IPV4, 128 for IPv6
+//	e.SourceScope = 0
+//	e.Address = net.ParseIP("127.0.0.1").To4()	// for IPv4
+//	// e.Address = net.ParseIP("2001:7b8:32a::2")	// for IPV6
+//	o.Option = append(o.Option, e)
+//
+// This code will parse all the available bits when unpacking (up to optlen).
+// When packing it will apply SourceNetmask. If you need more advanced logic,
+// patches welcome and good luck.
+type EDNS0_SUBNET struct {
+	Code          uint16 // Always EDNS0SUBNET
+	Family        uint16 // 1 for IP, 2 for IP6
+	SourceNetmask uint8
+	SourceScope   uint8
+	Address       net.IP
+}
+
+// Option implements the EDNS0 interface.
+func (e *EDNS0_SUBNET) Option() uint16 { return EDNS0SUBNET }
+
+func (e *EDNS0_SUBNET) pack() ([]byte, error) {
+	b := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(b[0:], e.Family)
+	b[2] = e.SourceNetmask
+	b[3] = e.SourceScope
+	switch e.Family {
+	case 0:
+		// "dig" sets AddressFamily to 0 if SourceNetmask is also 0
+		// We might don't need to complain either
+		if e.SourceNetmask != 0 {
+			return nil, errors.New("dns: bad address family")
+		}
+	case 1:
+		if e.SourceNetmask > net.IPv4len*8 {
+			return nil, errors.New("dns: bad netmask")
+		}
+		if len(e.Address.To4()) != net.IPv4len {
+			return nil, errors.New("dns: bad address")
+		}
+		ip := e.Address.To4().Mask(net.CIDRMask(int(e.SourceNetmask), net.IPv4len*8))
+		needLength := (e.SourceNetmask + 8 - 1) / 8 // division rounding up
+		b = append(b, ip[:needLength]...)
+	case 2:
+		if e.SourceNetmask > net.IPv6len*8 {
+			return nil, errors.New("dns: bad netmask")
+		}
+		if len(e.Address) != net.IPv6len {
+			return nil, errors.New("dns: bad address")
+		}
+		ip := e.Address.Mask(net.CIDRMask(int(e.SourceNetmask), net.IPv6len*8))
+		needLength := (e.SourceNetmask + 8 - 1) / 8 // division rounding up
+		b = append(b, ip[:needLength]...)
+	default:
+		return nil, errors.New("dns: bad address family")
+	}
+	return b, nil
+}
+
+func (e *EDNS0_SUBNET) unpack(b []byte) error {
+	if len(b) < 4 {
+		return ErrBuf
+	}
+	e.Family = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(b)
+	e.SourceNetmask = b[2]
+	e.SourceScope = b[3]
+	switch e.Family {
+	case 0:
+		// "dig" sets AddressFamily to 0 if SourceNetmask is also 0
+		// It's okay to accept such a packet
+		if e.SourceNetmask != 0 {
+			return errors.New("dns: bad address family")
+		}
+		e.Address = net.IPv4(0, 0, 0, 0)
+	case 1:
+		if e.SourceNetmask > net.IPv4len*8 || e.SourceScope > net.IPv4len*8 {
+			return errors.New("dns: bad netmask")
+		}
+		addr := make(net.IP, net.IPv4len)
+		copy(addr, b[4:])
+		e.Address = addr.To16()
+	case 2:
+		if e.SourceNetmask > net.IPv6len*8 || e.SourceScope > net.IPv6len*8 {
+			return errors.New("dns: bad netmask")
+		}
+		addr := make(net.IP, net.IPv6len)
+		copy(addr, b[4:])
+		e.Address = addr
+	default:
+		return errors.New("dns: bad address family")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (e *EDNS0_SUBNET) String() (s string) {
+	if e.Address == nil {
+		s = "<nil>"
+	} else if e.Address.To4() != nil {
+		s = e.Address.String()
+	} else {
+		s = "[" + e.Address.String() + "]"
+	}
+	s += "/" + strconv.Itoa(int(e.SourceNetmask)) + "/" + strconv.Itoa(int(e.SourceScope))
+	return
+}
+
+func (e *EDNS0_SUBNET) copy() EDNS0 {
+	return &EDNS0_SUBNET{
+		e.Code,
+		e.Family,
+		e.SourceNetmask,
+		e.SourceScope,
+		e.Address,
+	}
+}
+
+// The EDNS0_COOKIE option is used to add a DNS Cookie to a message.
+//
+//	o := new(dns.OPT)
+//	o.Hdr.Name = "."
+//	o.Hdr.Rrtype = dns.TypeOPT
+//	e := new(dns.EDNS0_COOKIE)
+//	e.Code = dns.EDNS0COOKIE
+//	e.Cookie = "24a5ac.."
+//	o.Option = append(o.Option, e)
+//
+// The Cookie field consists out of a client cookie (RFC 7873 Section 4), that is
+// always 8 bytes. It may then optionally be followed by the server cookie. The server
+// cookie is of variable length, 8 to a maximum of 32 bytes. In other words:
+//
+//	cCookie := o.Cookie[:16]
+//	sCookie := o.Cookie[16:]
+//
+// There is no guarantee that the Cookie string has a specific length.
+type EDNS0_COOKIE struct {
+	Code   uint16 // Always EDNS0COOKIE
+	Cookie string // Hex-encoded cookie data
+}
+
+func (e *EDNS0_COOKIE) pack() ([]byte, error) {
+	h, err := hex.DecodeString(e.Cookie)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return h, nil
+}
+
+// Option implements the EDNS0 interface.
+func (e *EDNS0_COOKIE) Option() uint16        { return EDNS0COOKIE }
+func (e *EDNS0_COOKIE) unpack(b []byte) error { e.Cookie = hex.EncodeToString(b); return nil }
+func (e *EDNS0_COOKIE) String() string        { return e.Cookie }
+func (e *EDNS0_COOKIE) copy() EDNS0           { return &EDNS0_COOKIE{e.Code, e.Cookie} }
+
+// The EDNS0_UL (Update Lease) (draft RFC) option is used to tell the server to set
+// an expiration on an update RR. This is helpful for clients that cannot clean
+// up after themselves. This is a draft RFC and more information can be found at
+// https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-sekar-dns-ul-02
+//
+//	o := new(dns.OPT)
+//	o.Hdr.Name = "."
+//	o.Hdr.Rrtype = dns.TypeOPT
+//	e := new(dns.EDNS0_UL)
+//	e.Code = dns.EDNS0UL
+//	e.Lease = 120 // in seconds
+//	o.Option = append(o.Option, e)
+type EDNS0_UL struct {
+	Code     uint16 // Always EDNS0UL
+	Lease    uint32
+	KeyLease uint32
+}
+
+// Option implements the EDNS0 interface.
+func (e *EDNS0_UL) Option() uint16 { return EDNS0UL }
+func (e *EDNS0_UL) String() string { return fmt.Sprintf("%d %d", e.Lease, e.KeyLease) }
+func (e *EDNS0_UL) copy() EDNS0    { return &EDNS0_UL{e.Code, e.Lease, e.KeyLease} }
+
+// Copied: http://golang.org/src/pkg/net/dnsmsg.go
+func (e *EDNS0_UL) pack() ([]byte, error) {
+	var b []byte
+	if e.KeyLease == 0 {
+		b = make([]byte, 4)
+	} else {
+		b = make([]byte, 8)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(b[4:], e.KeyLease)
+	}
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(b, e.Lease)
+	return b, nil
+}
+
+func (e *EDNS0_UL) unpack(b []byte) error {
+	switch len(b) {
+	case 4:
+		e.KeyLease = 0
+	case 8:
+		e.KeyLease = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(b[4:])
+	default:
+		return ErrBuf
+	}
+	e.Lease = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(b)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// EDNS0_LLQ stands for Long Lived Queries: http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-sekar-dns-llq-01
+// Implemented for completeness, as the EDNS0 type code is assigned.
+type EDNS0_LLQ struct {
+	Code      uint16 // Always EDNS0LLQ
+	Version   uint16
+	Opcode    uint16
+	Error     uint16
+	Id        uint64
+	LeaseLife uint32
+}
+
+// Option implements the EDNS0 interface.
+func (e *EDNS0_LLQ) Option() uint16 { return EDNS0LLQ }
+
+func (e *EDNS0_LLQ) pack() ([]byte, error) {
+	b := make([]byte, 18)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(b[0:], e.Version)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(b[2:], e.Opcode)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(b[4:], e.Error)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(b[6:], e.Id)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(b[14:], e.LeaseLife)
+	return b, nil
+}
+
+func (e *EDNS0_LLQ) unpack(b []byte) error {
+	if len(b) < 18 {
+		return ErrBuf
+	}
+	e.Version = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(b[0:])
+	e.Opcode = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(b[2:])
+	e.Error = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(b[4:])
+	e.Id = binary.BigEndian.Uint64(b[6:])
+	e.LeaseLife = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(b[14:])
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (e *EDNS0_LLQ) String() string {
+	s := strconv.FormatUint(uint64(e.Version), 10) + " " + strconv.FormatUint(uint64(e.Opcode), 10) +
+		" " + strconv.FormatUint(uint64(e.Error), 10) + " " + strconv.FormatUint(e.Id, 10) +
+		" " + strconv.FormatUint(uint64(e.LeaseLife), 10)
+	return s
+}
+func (e *EDNS0_LLQ) copy() EDNS0 {
+	return &EDNS0_LLQ{e.Code, e.Version, e.Opcode, e.Error, e.Id, e.LeaseLife}
+}
+
+// EDNS0_DAU implements the EDNS0 "DNSSEC Algorithm Understood" option. See RFC 6975.
+type EDNS0_DAU struct {
+	Code    uint16 // Always EDNS0DAU
+	AlgCode []uint8
+}
+
+// Option implements the EDNS0 interface.
+func (e *EDNS0_DAU) Option() uint16        { return EDNS0DAU }
+func (e *EDNS0_DAU) pack() ([]byte, error) { return e.AlgCode, nil }
+func (e *EDNS0_DAU) unpack(b []byte) error { e.AlgCode = b; return nil }
+
+func (e *EDNS0_DAU) String() string {
+	s := ""
+	for _, alg := range e.AlgCode {
+		if a, ok := AlgorithmToString[alg]; ok {
+			s += " " + a
+		} else {
+			s += " " + strconv.Itoa(int(alg))
+		}
+	}
+	return s
+}
+func (e *EDNS0_DAU) copy() EDNS0 { return &EDNS0_DAU{e.Code, e.AlgCode} }
+
+// EDNS0_DHU implements the EDNS0 "DS Hash Understood" option. See RFC 6975.
+type EDNS0_DHU struct {
+	Code    uint16 // Always EDNS0DHU
+	AlgCode []uint8
+}
+
+// Option implements the EDNS0 interface.
+func (e *EDNS0_DHU) Option() uint16        { return EDNS0DHU }
+func (e *EDNS0_DHU) pack() ([]byte, error) { return e.AlgCode, nil }
+func (e *EDNS0_DHU) unpack(b []byte) error { e.AlgCode = b; return nil }
+
+func (e *EDNS0_DHU) String() string {
+	s := ""
+	for _, alg := range e.AlgCode {
+		if a, ok := HashToString[alg]; ok {
+			s += " " + a
+		} else {
+			s += " " + strconv.Itoa(int(alg))
+		}
+	}
+	return s
+}
+func (e *EDNS0_DHU) copy() EDNS0 { return &EDNS0_DHU{e.Code, e.AlgCode} }
+
+// EDNS0_N3U implements the EDNS0 "NSEC3 Hash Understood" option. See RFC 6975.
+type EDNS0_N3U struct {
+	Code    uint16 // Always EDNS0N3U
+	AlgCode []uint8
+}
+
+// Option implements the EDNS0 interface.
+func (e *EDNS0_N3U) Option() uint16        { return EDNS0N3U }
+func (e *EDNS0_N3U) pack() ([]byte, error) { return e.AlgCode, nil }
+func (e *EDNS0_N3U) unpack(b []byte) error { e.AlgCode = b; return nil }
+
+func (e *EDNS0_N3U) String() string {
+	// Re-use the hash map
+	s := ""
+	for _, alg := range e.AlgCode {
+		if a, ok := HashToString[alg]; ok {
+			s += " " + a
+		} else {
+			s += " " + strconv.Itoa(int(alg))
+		}
+	}
+	return s
+}
+func (e *EDNS0_N3U) copy() EDNS0 { return &EDNS0_N3U{e.Code, e.AlgCode} }
+
+// EDNS0_EXPIRE implements the EDNS0 option as described in RFC 7314.
+type EDNS0_EXPIRE struct {
+	Code   uint16 // Always EDNS0EXPIRE
+	Expire uint32
+	Empty  bool // Empty is used to signal an empty Expire option in a backwards compatible way, it's not used on the wire.
+}
+
+// Option implements the EDNS0 interface.
+func (e *EDNS0_EXPIRE) Option() uint16 { return EDNS0EXPIRE }
+func (e *EDNS0_EXPIRE) copy() EDNS0    { return &EDNS0_EXPIRE{e.Code, e.Expire, e.Empty} }
+
+func (e *EDNS0_EXPIRE) pack() ([]byte, error) {
+	if e.Empty {
+		return []byte{}, nil
+	}
+	b := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(b, e.Expire)
+	return b, nil
+}
+
+func (e *EDNS0_EXPIRE) unpack(b []byte) error {
+	if len(b) == 0 {
+		// zero-length EXPIRE query, see RFC 7314 Section 2
+		e.Empty = true
+		return nil
+	}
+	if len(b) < 4 {
+		return ErrBuf
+	}
+	e.Expire = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(b)
+	e.Empty = false
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (e *EDNS0_EXPIRE) String() (s string) {
+	if e.Empty {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return strconv.FormatUint(uint64(e.Expire), 10)
+}
+
+// The EDNS0_LOCAL option is used for local/experimental purposes. The option
+// code is recommended to be within the range [EDNS0LOCALSTART, EDNS0LOCALEND]
+// (RFC6891), although any unassigned code can actually be used.  The content of
+// the option is made available in Data, unaltered.
+// Basic use pattern for creating a local option:
+//
+//	o := new(dns.OPT)
+//	o.Hdr.Name = "."
+//	o.Hdr.Rrtype = dns.TypeOPT
+//	e := new(dns.EDNS0_LOCAL)
+//	e.Code = dns.EDNS0LOCALSTART
+//	e.Data = []byte{72, 82, 74}
+//	o.Option = append(o.Option, e)
+type EDNS0_LOCAL struct {
+	Code uint16
+	Data []byte
+}
+
+// Option implements the EDNS0 interface.
+func (e *EDNS0_LOCAL) Option() uint16 { return e.Code }
+func (e *EDNS0_LOCAL) String() string {
+	return strconv.FormatInt(int64(e.Code), 10) + ":0x" + hex.EncodeToString(e.Data)
+}
+func (e *EDNS0_LOCAL) copy() EDNS0 {
+	b := make([]byte, len(e.Data))
+	copy(b, e.Data)
+	return &EDNS0_LOCAL{e.Code, b}
+}
+
+func (e *EDNS0_LOCAL) pack() ([]byte, error) {
+	b := make([]byte, len(e.Data))
+	copied := copy(b, e.Data)
+	if copied != len(e.Data) {
+		return nil, ErrBuf
+	}
+	return b, nil
+}
+
+func (e *EDNS0_LOCAL) unpack(b []byte) error {
+	e.Data = make([]byte, len(b))
+	copied := copy(e.Data, b)
+	if copied != len(b) {
+		return ErrBuf
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// EDNS0_TCP_KEEPALIVE is an EDNS0 option that instructs the server to keep
+// the TCP connection alive. See RFC 7828.
+type EDNS0_TCP_KEEPALIVE struct {
+	Code uint16 // Always EDNSTCPKEEPALIVE
+
+	// Timeout is an idle timeout value for the TCP connection, specified in
+	// units of 100 milliseconds, encoded in network byte order. If set to 0,
+	// pack will return a nil slice.
+	Timeout uint16
+
+	// Length is the option's length.
+	// Deprecated: this field is deprecated and is always equal to 0.
+	Length uint16
+}
+
+// Option implements the EDNS0 interface.
+func (e *EDNS0_TCP_KEEPALIVE) Option() uint16 { return EDNS0TCPKEEPALIVE }
+
+func (e *EDNS0_TCP_KEEPALIVE) pack() ([]byte, error) {
+	if e.Timeout > 0 {
+		b := make([]byte, 2)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(b, e.Timeout)
+		return b, nil
+	}
+	return nil, nil
+}
+
+func (e *EDNS0_TCP_KEEPALIVE) unpack(b []byte) error {
+	switch len(b) {
+	case 0:
+	case 2:
+		e.Timeout = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(b)
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("dns: length mismatch, want 0/2 but got %d", len(b))
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (e *EDNS0_TCP_KEEPALIVE) String() string {
+	s := "use tcp keep-alive"
+	if e.Timeout == 0 {
+		s += ", timeout omitted"
+	} else {
+		s += fmt.Sprintf(", timeout %dms", e.Timeout*100)
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
+func (e *EDNS0_TCP_KEEPALIVE) copy() EDNS0 { return &EDNS0_TCP_KEEPALIVE{e.Code, e.Timeout, e.Length} }
+
+// EDNS0_PADDING option is used to add padding to a request/response. The default
+// value of padding SHOULD be 0x0 but other values MAY be used, for instance if
+// compression is applied before encryption which may break signatures.
+type EDNS0_PADDING struct {
+	Padding []byte
+}
+
+// Option implements the EDNS0 interface.
+func (e *EDNS0_PADDING) Option() uint16        { return EDNS0PADDING }
+func (e *EDNS0_PADDING) pack() ([]byte, error) { return e.Padding, nil }
+func (e *EDNS0_PADDING) unpack(b []byte) error { e.Padding = b; return nil }
+func (e *EDNS0_PADDING) String() string        { return fmt.Sprintf("%0X", e.Padding) }
+func (e *EDNS0_PADDING) copy() EDNS0 {
+	b := make([]byte, len(e.Padding))
+	copy(b, e.Padding)
+	return &EDNS0_PADDING{b}
+}
+
+// Extended DNS Error Codes (RFC 8914).
+const (
+	ExtendedErrorCodeOther uint16 = iota
+	ExtendedErrorCodeUnsupportedDNSKEYAlgorithm
+	ExtendedErrorCodeUnsupportedDSDigestType
+	ExtendedErrorCodeStaleAnswer
+	ExtendedErrorCodeForgedAnswer
+	ExtendedErrorCodeDNSSECIndeterminate
+	ExtendedErrorCodeDNSBogus
+	ExtendedErrorCodeSignatureExpired
+	ExtendedErrorCodeSignatureNotYetValid
+	ExtendedErrorCodeDNSKEYMissing
+	ExtendedErrorCodeRRSIGsMissing
+	ExtendedErrorCodeNoZoneKeyBitSet
+	ExtendedErrorCodeNSECMissing
+	ExtendedErrorCodeCachedError
+	ExtendedErrorCodeNotReady
+	ExtendedErrorCodeBlocked
+	ExtendedErrorCodeCensored
+	ExtendedErrorCodeFiltered
+	ExtendedErrorCodeProhibited
+	ExtendedErrorCodeStaleNXDOMAINAnswer
+	ExtendedErrorCodeNotAuthoritative
+	ExtendedErrorCodeNotSupported
+	ExtendedErrorCodeNoReachableAuthority
+	ExtendedErrorCodeNetworkError
+	ExtendedErrorCodeInvalidData
+)
+
+// ExtendedErrorCodeToString maps extended error info codes to a human readable
+// description.
+var ExtendedErrorCodeToString = map[uint16]string{
+	ExtendedErrorCodeOther:                      "Other",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeUnsupportedDNSKEYAlgorithm: "Unsupported DNSKEY Algorithm",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeUnsupportedDSDigestType:    "Unsupported DS Digest Type",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeStaleAnswer:                "Stale Answer",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeForgedAnswer:               "Forged Answer",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeDNSSECIndeterminate:        "DNSSEC Indeterminate",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeDNSBogus:                   "DNSSEC Bogus",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeSignatureExpired:           "Signature Expired",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeSignatureNotYetValid:       "Signature Not Yet Valid",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeDNSKEYMissing:              "DNSKEY Missing",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeRRSIGsMissing:              "RRSIGs Missing",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeNoZoneKeyBitSet:            "No Zone Key Bit Set",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeNSECMissing:                "NSEC Missing",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeCachedError:                "Cached Error",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeNotReady:                   "Not Ready",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeBlocked:                    "Blocked",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeCensored:                   "Censored",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeFiltered:                   "Filtered",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeProhibited:                 "Prohibited",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeStaleNXDOMAINAnswer:        "Stale NXDOMAIN Answer",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeNotAuthoritative:           "Not Authoritative",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeNotSupported:               "Not Supported",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeNoReachableAuthority:       "No Reachable Authority",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeNetworkError:               "Network Error",
+	ExtendedErrorCodeInvalidData:                "Invalid Data",
+}
+
+// StringToExtendedErrorCode is a map from human readable descriptions to
+// extended error info codes.
+var StringToExtendedErrorCode = reverseInt16(ExtendedErrorCodeToString)
+
+// EDNS0_EDE option is used to return additional information about the cause of
+// DNS errors.
+type EDNS0_EDE struct {
+	InfoCode  uint16
+	ExtraText string
+}
+
+// Option implements the EDNS0 interface.
+func (e *EDNS0_EDE) Option() uint16 { return EDNS0EDE }
+func (e *EDNS0_EDE) copy() EDNS0    { return &EDNS0_EDE{e.InfoCode, e.ExtraText} }
+
+func (e *EDNS0_EDE) String() string {
+	info := strconv.FormatUint(uint64(e.InfoCode), 10)
+	if s, ok := ExtendedErrorCodeToString[e.InfoCode]; ok {
+		info += fmt.Sprintf(" (%s)", s)
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s: (%s)", info, e.ExtraText)
+}
+
+func (e *EDNS0_EDE) pack() ([]byte, error) {
+	b := make([]byte, 2+len(e.ExtraText))
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(b[0:], e.InfoCode)
+	copy(b[2:], []byte(e.ExtraText))
+	return b, nil
+}
+
+func (e *EDNS0_EDE) unpack(b []byte) error {
+	if len(b) < 2 {
+		return ErrBuf
+	}
+	e.InfoCode = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(b[0:])
+	e.ExtraText = string(b[2:])
+	return nil
+}
+
+// The EDNS0_ESU option for ENUM Source-URI Extension
+type EDNS0_ESU struct {
+	Code uint16
+	Uri  string
+}
+
+// Option implements the EDNS0 interface.
+func (e *EDNS0_ESU) Option() uint16        { return EDNS0ESU }
+func (e *EDNS0_ESU) String() string        { return e.Uri }
+func (e *EDNS0_ESU) copy() EDNS0           { return &EDNS0_ESU{e.Code, e.Uri} }
+func (e *EDNS0_ESU) pack() ([]byte, error) { return []byte(e.Uri), nil }
+func (e *EDNS0_ESU) unpack(b []byte) error {
+	e.Uri = string(b)
+	return nil
+}

vendor/github.com/miekg/dns/format.go

+package dns
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"reflect"
+	"strconv"
+)
+
+// NumField returns the number of rdata fields r has.
+func NumField(r RR) int {
+	return reflect.ValueOf(r).Elem().NumField() - 1 // Remove RR_Header
+}
+
+// Field returns the rdata field i as a string. Fields are indexed starting from 1.
+// RR types that holds slice data, for instance the NSEC type bitmap will return a single
+// string where the types are concatenated using a space.
+// Accessing non existing fields will cause a panic.
+func Field(r RR, i int) string {
+	if i == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	d := reflect.ValueOf(r).Elem().Field(i)
+	switch d.Kind() {
+	case reflect.String:
+		return d.String()
+	case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
+		return strconv.FormatInt(d.Int(), 10)
+	case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64:
+		return strconv.FormatUint(d.Uint(), 10)
+	case reflect.Slice:
+		switch reflect.ValueOf(r).Elem().Type().Field(i).Tag {
+		case `dns:"a"`:
+			// TODO(miek): Hmm store this as 16 bytes
+			if d.Len() < net.IPv4len {
+				return ""
+			}
+			if d.Len() < net.IPv6len {
+				return net.IPv4(byte(d.Index(0).Uint()),
+					byte(d.Index(1).Uint()),
+					byte(d.Index(2).Uint()),
+					byte(d.Index(3).Uint())).String()
+			}
+			return net.IPv4(byte(d.Index(12).Uint()),
+				byte(d.Index(13).Uint()),
+				byte(d.Index(14).Uint()),
+				byte(d.Index(15).Uint())).String()
+		case `dns:"aaaa"`:
+			if d.Len() < net.IPv6len {
+				return ""
+			}
+			return net.IP{
+				byte(d.Index(0).Uint()),
+				byte(d.Index(1).Uint()),
+				byte(d.Index(2).Uint()),
+				byte(d.Index(3).Uint()),
+				byte(d.Index(4).Uint()),
+				byte(d.Index(5).Uint()),
+				byte(d.Index(6).Uint()),
+				byte(d.Index(7).Uint()),
+				byte(d.Index(8).Uint()),
+				byte(d.Index(9).Uint()),
+				byte(d.Index(10).Uint()),
+				byte(d.Index(11).Uint()),
+				byte(d.Index(12).Uint()),
+				byte(d.Index(13).Uint()),
+				byte(d.Index(14).Uint()),
+				byte(d.Index(15).Uint()),
+			}.String()
+		case `dns:"nsec"`:
+			if d.Len() == 0 {
+				return ""
+			}
+			s := Type(d.Index(0).Uint()).String()
+			for i := 1; i < d.Len(); i++ {
+				s += " " + Type(d.Index(i).Uint()).String()
+			}
+			return s
+		default:
+			// if it does not have a tag its a string slice
+			fallthrough
+		case `dns:"txt"`:
+			if d.Len() == 0 {
+				return ""
+			}
+			s := d.Index(0).String()
+			for i := 1; i < d.Len(); i++ {
+				s += " " + d.Index(i).String()
+			}
+			return s
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}